[ Impact de l’érosion sur le transport des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) et la qualité des sédiments le long de la rivière Karavia : Cas du plateau de Penga-Penga, Lubumbashi, Haut-Katanga / RD Congo ]
Volume 17, Issue 1, July 2016, Pages 193–203
Serge Kashimbo Kalala1
1 Département de Phytotechnie, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP 1825, Lubumbashi, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Since the beginning of the century, the environment (air, land and water) has been subjected to increasing pressure from industrial and human activities whose effects were quickly felt. In the aquatic environment, much of anthropogenic or natural compounds are adsorbed on particulate matter and accumulate in sediment. Sediment can affect the bioavailability of contaminants and therefore toxicity. A transect was established along the river Karavia, and (composite) samples of sediments were collected in surface and in depth about four retained stations for laboratory analysis. The results indicate a high concentration of trace metals (SEM), especially copper (3488 ppm 2307 ppm surface against deep) in sediments. The level of copper content exceeds excessively standards AFNOR, WHO and Canadian recommendations for the protection of aquatic life and indicate severe pollution of the substrate. The transfer of pollutants through the profile, particularly the copper is notable. This is justified: First, the ETM from copper production through the factory Gecamines has accumulated in the surface horizons and reached a very high level of concentration, causing the disappearance of vegetation and emergence of large bare surfaces. Increased erosion explains the transfer of the ETM-Penga Penga tray down or bottom-Karavia pass the river. Second, the chemical parameters (pH, CEC) and soil (particle size) explain the transfer of ETM through the profile. The ultimate goal of this study component "sediment" is to assess the impact of these pollutants, sediment in particular, the most realistic way possible on the environment.
Author Keywords: ETM, Transfer, Penga-Penga tray, Lowlands, Contents, Sediment, Toxicity, Environment.
Volume 17, Issue 1, July 2016, Pages 193–203
Serge Kashimbo Kalala1
1 Département de Phytotechnie, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP 1825, Lubumbashi, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Since the beginning of the century, the environment (air, land and water) has been subjected to increasing pressure from industrial and human activities whose effects were quickly felt. In the aquatic environment, much of anthropogenic or natural compounds are adsorbed on particulate matter and accumulate in sediment. Sediment can affect the bioavailability of contaminants and therefore toxicity. A transect was established along the river Karavia, and (composite) samples of sediments were collected in surface and in depth about four retained stations for laboratory analysis. The results indicate a high concentration of trace metals (SEM), especially copper (3488 ppm 2307 ppm surface against deep) in sediments. The level of copper content exceeds excessively standards AFNOR, WHO and Canadian recommendations for the protection of aquatic life and indicate severe pollution of the substrate. The transfer of pollutants through the profile, particularly the copper is notable. This is justified: First, the ETM from copper production through the factory Gecamines has accumulated in the surface horizons and reached a very high level of concentration, causing the disappearance of vegetation and emergence of large bare surfaces. Increased erosion explains the transfer of the ETM-Penga Penga tray down or bottom-Karavia pass the river. Second, the chemical parameters (pH, CEC) and soil (particle size) explain the transfer of ETM through the profile. The ultimate goal of this study component "sediment" is to assess the impact of these pollutants, sediment in particular, the most realistic way possible on the environment.
Author Keywords: ETM, Transfer, Penga-Penga tray, Lowlands, Contents, Sediment, Toxicity, Environment.
Abstract: (french)
Depuis le début du siècle, l’environnement (atmosphérique, terrestre et aquatique) a été soumis à la pression croissante des activités industrielles et humaines dont les effets se sont fait rapidement sentir. Dans le milieu aquatique, une grande partie des composés d’origine anthropique ou naturelle s’adsorbent sur les particules en suspension, puis s’accumulent au niveau des sédiments. Les sédiments peuvent modifier la biodisponibilité des contaminants et par conséquent leur toxicité. Un transect a été établi le long de la rivière Karavia, et des échantillons (composites) des sédiments ont été prélevés en surface comme en profondeur sur quatre stations retenues, pour analyse au laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une forte concentration des éléments traces métalliques (ETM), particulièrement le cuivre (3488 ppm en surface contre 2307 ppm en profondeur) dans les sédiments. Le niveau des teneurs en cuivre dépasse excessivement les normes de l’AFNOR, de l’OMS ainsi les recommandations canadiennes pour la protection de la vie aquatique et indiquent une pollution sévère du substrat. Le transfert des polluants à travers le profil, en particulier le cuivre est notable. Ceci est justifié : Primo, les ETM issus de l’activité de production de cuivre par l’usine de la Gécamines se sont accumulés dans les horizons de surface et ont atteint un niveau de concentration très élevé, occasionnant la disparition de la végétation et l’apparition de vastes surfaces nues. L’intensification des phénomènes d’érosion explique les transferts des ETM du plateau de Penga-Penga vers le bas-fond ou passe la rivière Karavia. Secundo, les paramètres chimiques (pH, CEC) et pédologiques (granulométrie) expliquent le transfert des ETM à travers le profil. Le but final de cette étude sur la composante « sédiments » est d’évaluer l’impact de ces polluants, sédimentaires en particulier, de la façon la plus réaliste possible sur le plan environnemental.
Author Keywords: ETM, Transferts, Plateau Penga-Penga, Bas-fond, Teneurs, sédiments, Toxicité, Environnement.
How to Cite this Article
Serge Kashimbo Kalala, “Impact of erosion on the transport of trace metals (SEM) and sediments quality along the river Karavia : Case of Penga Penga Tray, Lubumbashi, Haut Katanga / RD Congo,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 193–203, July 2016.
