[ Le rapport filles et garçons dans la scolarisation et le taux de représentativité de la femme au sein des institutions scolaires, sanitaires et de recherche œuvrant en groupement de Miti en territoire de Kabare ]
Volume 24, Issue 3, October 2018, Pages 910–925
Christian NTACOBASIMA COKOLA1
1 Institut Supérieur des Techniques de Développement (ISTD)-Mulungu, Sud-Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The children girls are not schooled at the same rate as the children boys in the grouping of Miti whether it is in the primary education that in the secondary and technical or professional education. This schooling is much more favorable to the male children because of the sexist stereotypes, the house work essentially exercised by the girls, the multiplicity of expenses to pay for the schooling of the children by poor families, coverage of the teachers by the parents, the not application of the constitutional arrangement concerning the free access of the primary education, the discrimination of the girls in the school environment, the pregnancies and the higher early marriages at the female children, the rapes and the violence against girls, the social and political instability, the habits and customs, the multiple social gravities. The rates are of the order of 50,02 % for the boys and 49,97 % for the girls in the primary education during the school year 2015-2016 and during 40,19 % for the girls against 59,8 % for the children boys, from where the gap is 19,61 % favorable to the children boys, every subscribers in secondary schools, technical and professional in this grouping. For the school year 2016-2017, the rates are of the order of 4120 girls (49,69 %) who were schooled on a school population of 8290 pupils against 4170 boys or 50,3 %, from where the 0,61 % gap favorable to the boys at the primary level, while in the secondary sector, the proportions registered of 3333 pupils in all the secondary schools of the grouping of Miti, the girls are only 1406 pupils or 42,18 % against 1927 boys or 57,81 % with a 15,63 % gap for the benefit of boys. In the sanitary institutions, the women have a rate of 28,4 % representativeness against 71,5 % for the men. For the unique institution of agronomic search, they are represented to 14,2 % and in the school institutions, the women occupy the rates of 11 % to the secondary sector, and 38,78 % at the primary level in 2017. Only six institutions are managed by the women, among whom three primary schools, a secondary establishment and an agronomic research center. In grouping of Miti, we are still very far from approaching the parity man-woman advocated nevertheless by the constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Author Keywords: girls, schooling, representativeness, women.
Volume 24, Issue 3, October 2018, Pages 910–925
Christian NTACOBASIMA COKOLA1
1 Institut Supérieur des Techniques de Développement (ISTD)-Mulungu, Sud-Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The children girls are not schooled at the same rate as the children boys in the grouping of Miti whether it is in the primary education that in the secondary and technical or professional education. This schooling is much more favorable to the male children because of the sexist stereotypes, the house work essentially exercised by the girls, the multiplicity of expenses to pay for the schooling of the children by poor families, coverage of the teachers by the parents, the not application of the constitutional arrangement concerning the free access of the primary education, the discrimination of the girls in the school environment, the pregnancies and the higher early marriages at the female children, the rapes and the violence against girls, the social and political instability, the habits and customs, the multiple social gravities. The rates are of the order of 50,02 % for the boys and 49,97 % for the girls in the primary education during the school year 2015-2016 and during 40,19 % for the girls against 59,8 % for the children boys, from where the gap is 19,61 % favorable to the children boys, every subscribers in secondary schools, technical and professional in this grouping. For the school year 2016-2017, the rates are of the order of 4120 girls (49,69 %) who were schooled on a school population of 8290 pupils against 4170 boys or 50,3 %, from where the 0,61 % gap favorable to the boys at the primary level, while in the secondary sector, the proportions registered of 3333 pupils in all the secondary schools of the grouping of Miti, the girls are only 1406 pupils or 42,18 % against 1927 boys or 57,81 % with a 15,63 % gap for the benefit of boys. In the sanitary institutions, the women have a rate of 28,4 % representativeness against 71,5 % for the men. For the unique institution of agronomic search, they are represented to 14,2 % and in the school institutions, the women occupy the rates of 11 % to the secondary sector, and 38,78 % at the primary level in 2017. Only six institutions are managed by the women, among whom three primary schools, a secondary establishment and an agronomic research center. In grouping of Miti, we are still very far from approaching the parity man-woman advocated nevertheless by the constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Author Keywords: girls, schooling, representativeness, women.
Abstract: (french)
Les enfants filles ne sont pas scolarisées au même taux que les enfants garçons dans le groupement de Miti que ce soit dans l’enseignement primaire qu’à l’enseignement secondaire et technique ou professionnel. Cette scolarisation est beaucoup plus favorable aux enfants de sexe masculin à cause des stéréotypes sexistes, des travaux domestiques essentiellement exercés par les filles, la multiplicité des frais à payer pour la scolarisation des enfants par des familles pauvres, la prise en charge des enseignants par les parents d’élèves, la non application de la disposition constitutionnelle relative à la gratuité de l’enseignement primaire, la discrimination des filles dans le milieu scolaire, les grossesses et mariages précoces plus élevés chez les enfants de sexe féminin, les viols et violences faites aux filles, l’instabilité sociale et politique, les us et coutumes, les multiples pesanteurs sociales. Les taux sont de l’ordre de 50,02% pour les garçons et de 49,97% pour les filles à l’enseignement primaire au cours de l’année scolaire 2015-2016 et de 40,19% pour les filles contre 59,8% pour les enfants garçons, d’où l’écart est de 19,61% favorable aux enfants garçons, tous inscrits dans les établissements d’enseignement secondaire, technique et professionnel dans ce groupement. Pour l’année scolaire 2016-2017, les taux sont de l’ordre de 4120 filles(49,69%) qui étaient scolarisées sur une population scolaire de 8290 écoliers contre 4170 garçons soit 50,3%, d’où l’écart de 0,61% favorable aux garçons au niveau primaire, alors qu’au secondaire, les proportions sont de 3333 élèves inscrits dans tous les établissements d’enseignement secondaire du groupement de Miti, les filles ne sont qu’à 1406 élèves soit 42,18% contre 1927 garçons soit 57,81% avec un écart de 15,63% au profit de garçons. Dans les institutions sanitaires, les femmes ont un taux de représentativité de 28,4% contre 71,5% pour les hommes. Pour l’unique institution de recherche agronomique, elles sont représentées à 14,2% et dans les institutions scolaires, les femmes occupent les taux de 11% au secondaire, et 38,78% au niveau primaire en 2017. Seulement six institutions sont dirigées par les femmes, dont trois écoles primaires, un établissement secondaire et un centre de recherche agronomique. En groupement de Miti, nous sommes encore très loin d’approcher la parité homme-femme prônée pourtant par la constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo.
Author Keywords: filles, scolarisation, représentativité, femmes.
How to Cite this Article
Christian NTACOBASIMA COKOLA, “The ratio of girls to boys in school enrollment and the representation of women in school, health and research institutions working in the Miti group in Kabare territory,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 910–925, October 2018.
