[ Dynamique spatio-temporelle de l’occupation du sol et du couvert végétal des parcs arborés du Département de la Nya, Sud du Tchad ]
Volume 31, Issue 2, December 2020, Pages 370–379
Hervé Mbaiyetom1, Marie Louise Avana Tientcheu2, Martin Tchamba Ngankam3, Junior Baudoin Wouokoue Taffo4, and Armand Delanot Tanougong5
1 Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Doba, BP 03 Doba, Chad
2 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
3 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
4 Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Maroua, BP 814 Maroua, Cameroon
5 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Chad's tree-based parks undergo increasing human pressure, leading to the loss of biodiversity and the modification of the ecological landscape. This study was carried out in the Nya division, Far South of Chad. It aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of land cover between 1984 and 2016 and to determine the drivers of vegetation degradation. The databases used were made up of 3 Landsat satellite images (MSS de 1984, TM de 2002 et ORLI_TIRS de 2016) and supplemented by field studies. Satellite images were processed using ENVI and ArcGIS software. Interview was used to identify the activities carried out by the local population. In 1984, Nya division consisted of seven types of land cover, the most important of which was tree-based parks (27.17%), followed by gallery forest (23.59%), shrub savannah (16.68%) and herb savannah (14.59%). Gradually tree-based parks and gallery forest disappeared. In 2016, the main types of land cover were herb savannah (35.74%), house and bare soil (33.32%) and shrub savannah (10.04%). Petroleum project, agriculture, overgrazing, population growth, wood collection and bushfires are perceived by local population as main drivers of forest cover change. These results suggest the establishment of an effective sustainable management policy of tree-base parks of Nya division to avoid its total destruction and its biodiversity loss.
Author Keywords: Spatial and temporal dynamics, degradation factors, Landsat, Tree parks, Chad.
Volume 31, Issue 2, December 2020, Pages 370–379
Hervé Mbaiyetom1, Marie Louise Avana Tientcheu2, Martin Tchamba Ngankam3, Junior Baudoin Wouokoue Taffo4, and Armand Delanot Tanougong5
1 Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université de Doba, BP 03 Doba, Chad
2 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
3 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
4 Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Maroua, BP 814 Maroua, Cameroon
5 Département de Foresterie, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences Agricoles, Université de Dschang, BP 222 Dschang, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Chad's tree-based parks undergo increasing human pressure, leading to the loss of biodiversity and the modification of the ecological landscape. This study was carried out in the Nya division, Far South of Chad. It aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of land cover between 1984 and 2016 and to determine the drivers of vegetation degradation. The databases used were made up of 3 Landsat satellite images (MSS de 1984, TM de 2002 et ORLI_TIRS de 2016) and supplemented by field studies. Satellite images were processed using ENVI and ArcGIS software. Interview was used to identify the activities carried out by the local population. In 1984, Nya division consisted of seven types of land cover, the most important of which was tree-based parks (27.17%), followed by gallery forest (23.59%), shrub savannah (16.68%) and herb savannah (14.59%). Gradually tree-based parks and gallery forest disappeared. In 2016, the main types of land cover were herb savannah (35.74%), house and bare soil (33.32%) and shrub savannah (10.04%). Petroleum project, agriculture, overgrazing, population growth, wood collection and bushfires are perceived by local population as main drivers of forest cover change. These results suggest the establishment of an effective sustainable management policy of tree-base parks of Nya division to avoid its total destruction and its biodiversity loss.
Author Keywords: Spatial and temporal dynamics, degradation factors, Landsat, Tree parks, Chad.
Abstract: (french)
Les parcs arborés du Tchad subissent des pressions anthropiques croissantes entrainant la perte de la biodiversité et la modification du paysage écologique. La présente étude a été réalisée dans le département de la Nya, Extrême Sud du Tchad. Elle avait pour objectif d’évaluer la dynamique spatio-temporelle des couverts de la terre de 1984 à 2016 et de déterminer les causes de dégradation de la végétation. Les bases de données utilisées sont composées de 3 images satellites de Landsat (MSS de 1984, TM de 2002 et ORLI_TIRS de 2016) et ont été complétées par des études sur le terrain. Les images satellitaires ont été traitées en utilisant le logiciel ENVI et Arc GIS. L’interview a été utilisée pour identifier les activités effectuées par la population locale. En 1984, le département de la Nya était composé de sept types d’occupation de la terre donc les plus important étaient: parcs arborés (27,17%), galerie forestière (23,59%), savane arbustive (16,68%) et savane herbeuse (14,59%). Graduellement les parcs arborés et la galerie forestière ont disparu.En 2016, les types principaux d’occupation de la terre étaient la savane herbeuse (35,74%), bâtis et sol nu (33,32%) et savane arbustive (10,04%). Le projet pétrolier, l’agriculture, le surpâturage, l’augmentation de la population, la collecte de bois et les feux de brousses sont perçu par la population local comme les principales causes du changement de la couverture forestière. Ces résultats suggèrent la mise en place d’une politique efficace de gestion durable des parcs arborés du département de la Nya afin d’éviter sa destruction totale et la perte de sa biodiversité.
Author Keywords: Dynamique spatio-temporelle, facteurs de dégradation, Landsat, Parcs arborés, Tchad.
How to Cite this Article
Hervé Mbaiyetom, Marie Louise Avana Tientcheu, Martin Tchamba Ngankam, Junior Baudoin Wouokoue Taffo, and Armand Delanot Tanougong, “Spatio-temporal Dynamics of Land Use and Land Cover of the tree-based Parks in the Nya division, South of Chad,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 370–379, December 2020.
