[ Evaluación de fungicidas para el control de enfermedades foliares en el cultivo de cebada ]
Volume 39, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 36–42
María Florencia Rodríguez García1, Miguel Gonzaléz Gonzalez2, Andrés Mandujano Bueno3, and Agustín Limón Ortega4
1 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
2 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Méxi, México
3 Programa de Ingeniería de Riego, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Bajío, Celaya, Guanajuato, México
4 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Méxi, México
Original language: Spanish
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Foliar diseases affecting rainfed barley in Mexico are mainly net blotch, spot blotch and leaf scald, which demerit the physical quality of grains. Current varieties are not resistant; thus, chemical control is an option to complement genetic control. This study aimed to determine the biological effectivity of fungicides to control foliar diseases and their effect on grain yield. The locations and crop seasons to conduct the study were in Tlaxcala and Puebla in 2019, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with four reps. The main plot consisted of two varieties (Esmeralda and Doña Josefa), while sub-plots were two fungicides (Azoxistrobin 7.07 % plus Propiconazole 11.79 % and Propiconazole 25.64 %). Field measurements included days to heading and maturity, grain yield, test weight, and final disease severity (a visual score for disease control). The analysis of variance indicated significant differences (p≤0.01) between varieties, grain yield, and final disease severity. Disease control was more effective due to Azoxistrobin 7.07 % plus Propiconazole 11.79 %. Grain yield was more significant with fungicide application, overall Doña Josefa with Propiconazole 25.64 % (5972.38 kg ha-1). Field observations indicated that the application of Azoxistrobin lengthens the cropping season delaying the senescence (stay-green). Results suggested that chemical control of foliar diseases in barley is a suitable option.
Author Keywords: Yield, Disease, Efficacy, Control, Severity.
Volume 39, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 36–42
María Florencia Rodríguez García1, Miguel Gonzaléz Gonzalez2, Andrés Mandujano Bueno3, and Agustín Limón Ortega4
1 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico
2 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Méxi, México
3 Programa de Ingeniería de Riego, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Bajío, Celaya, Guanajuato, México
4 Programa de cebada, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones, Agrícolas y Pecuarias-Campo Experimental Valle de , Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de México, Méxi, México
Original language: Spanish
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Foliar diseases affecting rainfed barley in Mexico are mainly net blotch, spot blotch and leaf scald, which demerit the physical quality of grains. Current varieties are not resistant; thus, chemical control is an option to complement genetic control. This study aimed to determine the biological effectivity of fungicides to control foliar diseases and their effect on grain yield. The locations and crop seasons to conduct the study were in Tlaxcala and Puebla in 2019, respectively. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with four reps. The main plot consisted of two varieties (Esmeralda and Doña Josefa), while sub-plots were two fungicides (Azoxistrobin 7.07 % plus Propiconazole 11.79 % and Propiconazole 25.64 %). Field measurements included days to heading and maturity, grain yield, test weight, and final disease severity (a visual score for disease control). The analysis of variance indicated significant differences (p≤0.01) between varieties, grain yield, and final disease severity. Disease control was more effective due to Azoxistrobin 7.07 % plus Propiconazole 11.79 %. Grain yield was more significant with fungicide application, overall Doña Josefa with Propiconazole 25.64 % (5972.38 kg ha-1). Field observations indicated that the application of Azoxistrobin lengthens the cropping season delaying the senescence (stay-green). Results suggested that chemical control of foliar diseases in barley is a suitable option.
Author Keywords: Yield, Disease, Efficacy, Control, Severity.
Abstract: (spanish)
En México las principales enfermedades foliares que se presentan en las zonas productoras de cebada de temporal son mancha en red, mancha marrón y escaldadura, las cuales demeritan la calidad física del grano. Las variedades actualmente sembradas no poseen niveles de resistencia satisfactorios y se recurre al control químico como complemento al control genético. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la efectividad biológica de fungicidas para el control de manchas foliares en cebada y su efecto en el rendimiento. Durante el ciclo primavera-verano 2019 se establecieron experimentos en los estados de Tlaxcala y Puebla. El diseño experimental utilizado fue bloques completos al azar en arreglo de parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron las variedades Esmeralda y Doña Josefa. Los fungicidas probados fueron Azoxistrobin 7.07% + Propiconazol 11.79% y Propiconazol 25.64%. Las variables medidas fueron: días a espigamiento, días a madurez fisiológica, rendimiento de grano, peso hectolítrico y severidad final de la enfermedad. El análisis de varianza mostro diferencias altamente significativa para variedades, rendimiento de grano y severidad final de la enfermedad Tukey (p≤0.05). El fungicida más eficaz para el control de enfermedades foliares fue Azoxistrobin 7.07 % + Propiconazol 11.79 %. El rendimiento de grano fue superior en los tratamientos con fungicidas, siendo Doña Josefa con aplicación de Propiconazol 25.64 % el mejor tratamiento (5972.38 kg ha-1). Al aplicar el fungicida a base de Azoxistrobina se observó aumento del ciclo de cultivo o retardación de senescencia (stay-green). El control químico es una opción viable para el manejo de manchas foliares en cebada.
Author Keywords: Rendimiento, Enfermedad, Eficacia, Contro, Severidad.
How to Cite this Article
María Florencia Rodríguez García, Miguel Gonzaléz Gonzalez, Andrés Mandujano Bueno, and Agustín Limón Ortega, “Fungicides evaluation to control foliar diseases in barley,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 36–42, March 2023.
