[ Evaluation de la qualité des eaux de forages et de puits destinées à la consommation humaine: Approches d’analyses multivariées ]
Volume 40, Issue 4, October 2023, Pages 1299–1311
Kandana Marthe Yéo1, Aya Nelly Berthe Kouadio2, and Droh Lanciné GONÉ3
1 Centre de Recherche Ecologique, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 08 BP 109 Abidjan 08, Côte d’Ivoire
2 Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
3 Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement (LGE), UFR Sciences et Gestion de L’environnement (SGE), Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The poor condition of Grand-Bassam’s boreholes and the drinking water wells of the local population led to an assessment of their hygienic quality. Several data analysis approaches were performed on 4 boreholes and 17 well water samples. Indeed, physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis, as well as Water Quality Index and Principal Component Analysis were used to differentiate the characteristics of borehole and well water in order to determine the level and origin of water pollution. The results showed that all chemical borehole water quality was poor, while of 35% and 65% of well chemical water quality were good and satisfactory, respectively. Owns to soil nature, the iron and manganese contents were 0.73 ± 0.23 mg.L-1 and 0.1 ± 0.07 mg.L-1, respectively. The high presence of fecal streptococci, salmonella and shigella in the borehole water, as well as Escherichia coli, total coliforms and fecal coliforms in the well water, thereby underscoring the poor microbiological quality of water (90,53% of borehole and 92% of well), which is contaminated by septic tank water. Furthermore, the high presence of Salmonella in borehole water suggests that it may contain hydrogen sulfide, which is responsible for its unpleasant odors.
Author Keywords: Borehole, Water quality index, Principal Component Analysis, Faecal pollution.
Volume 40, Issue 4, October 2023, Pages 1299–1311
Kandana Marthe Yéo1, Aya Nelly Berthe Kouadio2, and Droh Lanciné GONÉ3
1 Centre de Recherche Ecologique, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 08 BP 109 Abidjan 08, Côte d’Ivoire
2 Laboratoire de Géosciences et Environnement, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
3 Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement (LGE), UFR Sciences et Gestion de L’environnement (SGE), Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The poor condition of Grand-Bassam’s boreholes and the drinking water wells of the local population led to an assessment of their hygienic quality. Several data analysis approaches were performed on 4 boreholes and 17 well water samples. Indeed, physico-chemical and bacteriological analysis, as well as Water Quality Index and Principal Component Analysis were used to differentiate the characteristics of borehole and well water in order to determine the level and origin of water pollution. The results showed that all chemical borehole water quality was poor, while of 35% and 65% of well chemical water quality were good and satisfactory, respectively. Owns to soil nature, the iron and manganese contents were 0.73 ± 0.23 mg.L-1 and 0.1 ± 0.07 mg.L-1, respectively. The high presence of fecal streptococci, salmonella and shigella in the borehole water, as well as Escherichia coli, total coliforms and fecal coliforms in the well water, thereby underscoring the poor microbiological quality of water (90,53% of borehole and 92% of well), which is contaminated by septic tank water. Furthermore, the high presence of Salmonella in borehole water suggests that it may contain hydrogen sulfide, which is responsible for its unpleasant odors.
Author Keywords: Borehole, Water quality index, Principal Component Analysis, Faecal pollution.
Abstract: (french)
La mauvaise odeur des eaux de certains forages et puits consommées par une frange de la population de Grand-Bassam a suscité l’évaluation de leurs qualités hygiéniques. Afin de déterminer le niveau et l’origine de cette pollution, les eaux de 4 forages et 17 puits ont fait l’objet d’analyses physico-chimiques et bactériologiques sélectives et l’Indice de Qualité des Eaux et l’Analyse en Composante Principale ont été effectués. Les résultats montrent des valeurs élevées de fer (0,73 ± 0,23 mg.L-1) et de manganèse (0,1 ± 0,07 mg.L-1) provenant du sol, responsable de la mauvaise qualité chimique des eaux. Il ressort qu’au niveau chimique, toutes les eaux de forage sont de mauvaise qualité contre 35 % et 65 % d’eau de puits de bonne et satisfaisante qualité. Au niveau microbiologique, 68 % et 60 % des eaux de forage et de puits sont impropres à la consommation. La mauvaise qualité microbiologique des eaux de forage est due à l’abondance de streptocoques fécaux, salmonena et shigella et celle des puits est liée aux fortes charges de Escherichia coli, de coliformes totaux et fécaux. Cette pollution d’origine fécale des eaux proviendrait de la communication entre ces ouvrages et les fosses septiques. Par ailleurs, la forte présence des Salmonella dans les eaux de forages témoigne que celles-ci pourraient contenir de l’hydrogène sulfuré responsable de leurs mauvaises odeurs.
Author Keywords: Eau souterraine, Indice de qualité des eaux, Analyse en Composante Principale, Pollution fécale.
How to Cite this Article
Kandana Marthe Yéo, Aya Nelly Berthe Kouadio, and Droh Lanciné GONÉ, “Assessment of the borehole and well water quality intended for human consumption: Multivariate analysis approaches,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 1299–1311, October 2023.
