[ Influence des pressions anthropiques et des variabilités climatiques sur la dynamique du changement d’occupation du sol dans la Commune rurale de Mokko au Niger ]
Volume 43, Issue 3, September 2024, Pages 707–718
Issa Garba1, Hassane Idé Hamidou2, Abdourahamane Zakari Seydou3, and Fadiala Dembélé4
1 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
2 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
3 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
4 Departement Génie rural, Eaux and Forêts, Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée (IPR, FRA) de Katibougou, BP 06, Koulikoro, Mali
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The study was conducted in the rural commune of Mokko, in western Niger, an agro-pastoral area. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors on the dynamics of land use change. The dynamics of land cover change were studied through the perception of the population, the analysis of the normalized precipitation index and a diachronic analysis over the period 1990 to 2022 through the use of Landsat TM and TM+ images from the year 1990; 2000 and OLI & TIRS of the Year 2022. The results reveal the progress of the agricultural front, residential areas and bare glacis. This expansive dynamic of anthropogenic areas has been to the detriment of natural formations such as low-woody fallows/pastoral enclaves and low-woody grasses/shrub savannahs. Thus, in the space of 33 years, residential areas have increased by 56.4%; bare glacis by 41.6% and rainfed crops by 15.3% with an annual increase of 1.4% respectively; 1.1% and 0.5%, while low woody fallow/pastoral enclave units decreased by 30.4% and low woody herbaceous/shrub savannah by 20.3% with an annual decline of 1.1% and 0.72% respectively. These changes and succession of land cover units are due to anthropogenic actions combined with climatic variability.
Author Keywords: diachronic analysis, land dynamics, peasant perception, anthropogenic pressure, climate variability, Mokko, Niger.
Volume 43, Issue 3, September 2024, Pages 707–718
Issa Garba1, Hassane Idé Hamidou2, Abdourahamane Zakari Seydou3, and Fadiala Dembélé4
1 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
2 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
3 Centre Régional AGRHYMET, BP 11011, Niamey, Niger
4 Departement Génie rural, Eaux and Forêts, Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée (IPR, FRA) de Katibougou, BP 06, Koulikoro, Mali
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The study was conducted in the rural commune of Mokko, in western Niger, an agro-pastoral area. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors on the dynamics of land use change. The dynamics of land cover change were studied through the perception of the population, the analysis of the normalized precipitation index and a diachronic analysis over the period 1990 to 2022 through the use of Landsat TM and TM+ images from the year 1990; 2000 and OLI & TIRS of the Year 2022. The results reveal the progress of the agricultural front, residential areas and bare glacis. This expansive dynamic of anthropogenic areas has been to the detriment of natural formations such as low-woody fallows/pastoral enclaves and low-woody grasses/shrub savannahs. Thus, in the space of 33 years, residential areas have increased by 56.4%; bare glacis by 41.6% and rainfed crops by 15.3% with an annual increase of 1.4% respectively; 1.1% and 0.5%, while low woody fallow/pastoral enclave units decreased by 30.4% and low woody herbaceous/shrub savannah by 20.3% with an annual decline of 1.1% and 0.72% respectively. These changes and succession of land cover units are due to anthropogenic actions combined with climatic variability.
Author Keywords: diachronic analysis, land dynamics, peasant perception, anthropogenic pressure, climate variability, Mokko, Niger.
Abstract: (french)
L’étude a été conduite dans la Commune rurale de Mokko, dans l’ouest du Niger, zone à vocation agropastorale. Elle avait pour objectif d’évaluer le poids des facteurs anthropiques et climatiques sur la dynamique du changement d’occupation du sol. La dynamique du changement d’occupation du sol a été étudiée à travers la perception de la population, l’analyse de l’indice normalisé de précipitations et une analyse diachronique sur la période 1990 à 2022 à travers l’utilisation des images landsat TM et TM+ de l’année 1990; 2000 et OLI & TIRS de l’année 2022. Les résultats révèlent la progression du front agricole, des zones d’habitation et des glacis dénudés. Cette dynamique expansive des zones anthropisées s’est opérée en défaveur de formations naturelles telles que les jachères à ligneux bas/enclave pastorale et les herbacées à ligneux bas/savane arbustive. Ainsi, en l’espace de 33 ans les zones d’habitations ont progressé de 56,4%; les glacis dénudés de 41,6% et les cultures pluviales de 15,3% avec respectivement un accroissement annuel de 1,4%; 1,1% et 0,5%, tandis que les unités des jachères à ligneux bas/enclave pastorale ont régressé de 30,4% et les herbacées ligneux bas/savane arbustive de 20,3% avec respectivement une régression annuelle de 1,1% et 0,72%. Ces changements et successions de ces unités d’occupation du sol sont dus aux actions anthropiques conjuguées aux variabilités climatiques.
Author Keywords: analyse diachronique, dynamique des terres, perception paysanne, pression anthropique, variabilité climatique, Mokko, Niger.
How to Cite this Article
Issa Garba, Hassane Idé Hamidou, Abdourahamane Zakari Seydou, and Fadiala Dembélé, “Influence of anthropogenic pressures and climatic variability on the dynamics of land use change in the rural municipality of Mokko in Niger,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 707–718, September 2024.
