This study, conducted in the city of Butembo from January 6, 2019 to August 24, 2021, consisted in assessing the microbiological quality of two foodstuffs delivered for human consumption: cooked yellow yams (Dioscorea cayensis) and ripe bananas (Musa accuminata balbisiana) as well as to determine the frequencies of microbial pollution in these two foodstuffs in order to inquire about the danger to consumers who are exposed to it. The microbiological analysis of 80 samples of yellow yams taken from the four markets of the city of Butembo revealed an overall pollution of 95%, with 37.5% of simple microbial pollution dominated by Streptococcus spp (17.5%), followed by Enterobacter sakazaki and Staphylococcus other than aureus which each have 7.5%, finally Enterabacter agglomerans1 and Staphylococcus aureus which each have 2.5%. The statistical analysis of these results showed that the frequencies of simple and mixed microbial pollution are significantly different (P<0.05) in the four markets of the city of Butembo (X2c=respectively 14.38 and 12.14; dll =3). In addition, the microbiological analysis of 80 samples of ripe bananas taken from the four markets of the town of Butembo revealed an overall contamination rate of 65% dominated by Hafnia sp (25%), followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens (15%), Aeromonas spp and Klebsiella pneumoniae which each have (10%), finally Alcaligene dispar (5%). These frequencies of bacterial pollution in the ripe bananas examined are significantly different (P<9.89) in the four markets of the city of Butembo (X2c=9.8; ddl=3).

The objective of this paper is to determine the incidence and severity of the FAW (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith) and to study the influence of the cropping system on the degree of infestation of FAW in the cultivated corn fields in Kivira locality. To achieve these objectives, 60 corn fields including 20 fields at the 4 leaf stage, 20 fields at the 8 leaf stage and 20 fields at the flowering stage were visited. At the end of the analysis, the results show that the number of diseased plants was significantly higher for the 8 leaf stage with an average of 7.44 plants compared to the other two stages of corn development. Likewise, in corn fields at the 8 leaf stage, the number of FAW larvae in an area of ​​25 m2 is much higher with an average of 9.79 larvae. As with the number of diseased plants and larvae, the study shows that the number of lesions per leaf at the 8-leaf stage is greater than the number of lesions per leaf at the other phenological stages. The incidence of Fall Armyworm varies significantly with the phenological stages and crop types associated with corn. The average incidence of FAW in fields at the 8 leaf stage is higher than in other phenological stages. The averages are 35.72%, 9.88% and 6.96% for the 8 leaf stage, the flowering stage and the 4 leaf stage respectively. The average severity index for the Fall Armyworm is 7.24%. The maximum value obtained is 22.53%. At the 8-leaf stage, the average severity of FAW is 17.57% compared to 2.32% for the flowering stage and 1.83% for the 4-leaf stage.

The objective of this survey was to appreciate attitudes and to determine ignorance factors of Kalikuku riparian population on forest’s importance. The results have shown that this population ignores human devastating actions on forest (search for firewood, building materials and arable lands), the consequences of these actions on forest biodiversity as well as forest ecological role. This population’s information, sensitization and environmental education around forest should so be considererd as palliative solutions.