In the present investigation, the performance of a classifier based on facial analysis and detection of wrinkles is analyzed. The experimental part has been divided in two phases. The first, analyzed the proposed features, and the second, evaluated its performance on a database of faces. During the first phase, a statistical analysis of the sets analyzed has been carried out, and therefore, the correlation between the characteristics proposed for the project, have been studied and discussed. In the second phase, several tests -under different conditions- have been performed in order to determine the capability and efficiency of the system in relation to recognition tasks. In particular, the optimal size of the training set, and the performance of various measures of similarity of the two sets of proposed characteristics have been studied, also the subsets of discriminating characteristics have been evaluated.
The mapping of wetland habitats requires image data of high spatial resolution in order to establish the precise contours and space occupies a specific habitat. However, the spectral deficiency of high resolution images accentuates the problems of proximity and spectral mixing between image objects, which makes them very sensitive classification operations in such environments. The present work offers a solution based on an unsupervised approach to habitat classification of the wetland lagoon of Oualidia and its surroundings. To do this, a picture RBV (1m) covering the study area was segmented from the software GRASS, followed by extraction optimal segments as polygons from QGIS software. The partitioning algorithm K-means was used for classification of selected polygons in the respective classes, and this using three (3) discrimination criteria (color, shape, and size). The objective is to propose a solution in the discrimination of different types of wetland habitats from a poor image spectral resolution, but harboring a very high spatial resolution. As such, the algorithm permits to classify the different habitats with an accuracy of 0.88 according to the index of Kappa.
The imbalance between the national demand and the offer of rice encouraged the emergence of the pluvial rice-growing in order to make up for the deficit. To understand this state, a diagnosis on manures and the pesticides have been led through the survey of the segment merchandising and use of the aforesaid products destined to the rice-growing in the city of Garoua. The gotten results put in evidence the merchandising of only one type of manure common to the corn destined to the production of rice and a diversity of the pesticides with common active matters. In a general manner, the pesticides are used in the respect of the recommendations of the manufacturers. However, the doses of manure used don't respect those recommended by research. The atomization of the rice-growing exploitations on surfaces of less than one hectare and the failure to respect of the doses of manure recommended by research due to their elevated cost constitutes the main limits to the development of the rice production in the city of Garoua.
To palliate the problems of energy and service woods shortage and decrease of soils fertility, studies are taken up in forest transition zone of Côte d’Ivoire on 20 species of dry zones arborescent leguminous. Two important objectives were defined. It is to first, identify leguminous adapted to dry areas of Côte d’Ivoire; then set pulses management technics for their use in reforestation. To do this, plants from nurseries were planted and monitored by periodic inventories. The survival, the adaptability, the vigor and the volume of wood leguminous species were evaluated. A coppice was made after coppicing trees at 30 cm from the ground at the beginning of the rainy season. Seven years after planting, 18 species have survived. Leucaena leucocephala, Leucaena shannonii, Albizia guachepele and Enterolobium cyclocarpum present high potentialities for reafforestation with a plantation strike root rate superior to 65 p. c., a middle diameter between 9.7 and 16.3 cm and woods productivity superior to 10 m3.ha-1.year-1. Cubage equations have been established for 11 arborescent leguminous species to estimate the production of wood in the transition zone. The wood technical exploitability ages of species plants are situated between 4 and 7 years. Some species react favorably to the treatment of coppicing.
In this work, we present the results of study of physicochemical parameters of sediments from the retaining Sidi Chahed dam, and the use of GIS to achieve a relationship between the geological nature of the watershed and sediments of this retaining of dam from ASTER image. The physicochemical characterization of the sediments was make in order to determine the main factors that govern the exchanges of various forms of phosphorus at the water-sediment interface, and of determining the geological nature of the land crossed by the tributary waters feeding the dam retaining.
The results obtained showed that the average values of carbonates of calcium and pH, which are respectively 36% and 8.3, are more important. The comparison of the geological map and the hydrographic network map shows that the majority of grounds crossed by the tributary waters feeding retaining of dam are the marl and limestone of Miocene, which increases the percentage of calcium carbonate in the sediments of the retaining of dam and therefore favors the dominance of fraction of phosphorus CaCO3 -P (76%) in sediments.
Uncertainty forces the daily lives of small farmers Bushi in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, for over a decade after the banana bacterial wilt has literally broken the economic landscape, social, cultural and ecological region. This study attempts to highlight the socio-economic factors that influence the choice of strategies and practices of farmers face this crisis. The data, both quantitative and qualitative, were collected from 232 farmers in 16 localities of Kabare and Walungu in South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The result of the econometric analysis shows a correlation between socioeconomic factors and farmers' practices. All things being equal, factors such as age, participation in off-farm activities, experience, size of household, size, membership in the association, access to credit, possession of livestock, traumatic history, the importance of the banana and the severity of the crisis significantly influenced the choice of practices and copings strategies.
These results suggest approaches and agricultural and economic stimulus programs that integrate various farmers' logic in the Bushi area to the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
This study analyzes the impact of banana bacterial wilt on the income of small farmers in the region Bushi and inventory practices and strategies Started by them to survive in this new context. The data, both quantitative and qualitative, were collected from 232 farmers in 16 localities of Kabare and Walungu in South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The results show a significant reduction of 59.8% of monthly income per affected operator to be $ 31.1 to $ 52 declared. These economic losses could reach $ 7.2 million a month in the study area the month, 86.4 million annually to the absence of effective control measures. Various levers, non-exclusive, have been developed by agricultural households to survive the crisis. This is, essentially, agricultural diversification, pluriactivity, the use of social support networks to pool risk, the agricultural wage labor, and the use of agricultural innovation.
These results suggest approaches and agricultural and economic stimulus programs that integrate various farmers' logic in the Bushi area to the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
This work aimed to investigate the involvement of helicobactere pylori in the genesis of gastric MALT lymphoma (associated lymphoid tissue in the mucosa) by a retrospective study was performed on cases registered at the Hepato-Gastro Service -ent
The building construction industry in Nakuru County is one of the fastest growing industries employing a large workforce. The industry is however plagued by many health and safety problems and is sometimes rated as the most dangerous land based industry. The purpose of the research was to identify the safety and health risks in the building construction industry and determine the preventive measures used against safety and health risks. A survey was conducted and data collected using a non systematic approach using observations, questionnaires and interviews. The data was then analyzed using SPSS. It was found that there was no emphasis on health and safety issues hence many accidents and health problems occurred. This was evidenced by low use of personal protective equipment, poor or no use of scaffolds, no harnesses, lack of first aid facilities among others. There is need for the government to come up with sector specific policies for the building construction industry and strengthen enforcement. It is recommended that safety and health issues be given priority in development issues and building construction be treated like any other trade.
The arid climate characterizing the South-Eastern part of Tunisia and the alarming water consumption rate that continues to increase are the main environmental problems affecting Matmata mountain chain. To face these challenges, authorities are promoting water and soil conservation techniques that contribute tremendously in a sustainable agriculture. This study presents a technical diagnosis of the current state of Jessours, that are considered as traditional anti-erosion structures and are implemented on the Matmata mountain chain, particularly in the region of Beni Kheddache located North-West of Medenine. In this context, data collection was conducted the spring of 2008 in around 50 Jessours, situated in three ravines (Chaaba Ksar Beni Kheddache 1, Chaaba Ksar Beni Kheddache 2 and Chaaba El Mechref). This diagnosis helps in understanding more clearly the way Jessours system functions, how runoff is collected and in assessing the landscape integration of these structures. This study shows how the majorities of farmers are conscious of the benefits of Jessours and are actively following the appropriate practices of an efficient utilization. However, the collected data indicates that a good number of Jessours lack proper maintenance. In fact, investigations point out that although, 62% of visited Jessours are in a good condition, a worrying percentage of them, around 16%, are in bad condition. Whilst, 22% of visited Jessours are in average condition. Thus, to improve the capacity of rainfall collection of the Jessours system and to ensure a good degree of landscape integration, it is necessary to rehabilitate the neglected Jessours.
The Castle established in (1031) and occupied by the Crusaders (1099), and renewed by Mamluk Sultans Baybars (1171) and Kalawoon (1285).
Castle retains many of the architectural elements dating to the Seljuks, the Crusaders and Mamluks. Seljuk buildings consisting of the eastern entrance of the inner fortress and the emergence of the church, which was a tower, the tower in the north-west along fences between them, the fence south of the entrance until the south east tower. Castle planning has consisted of two fences by six towers and composed the outer wall of the entrance, which consists of two square towers and the corridor between them, entrance leads to cruciform planning Dorqa'a on its sides two corridors around the inner fence, the interface extending on both sides of the entrance to the north and south where it ends in the north tower represents the emergence of the Church is currently in the south was offset by another tower in the position of the south tower current-east, there were four towers in the north western and south western corners and mid of the western and southern fence.
Crusaders have started to expand and develop the castle; they added the outer fence and some towers. They built the church and ring the external fence and a sloping wall in the south, trench behind the southern fa
Improper uses of pesticides leads to occupational, environmental and food security risks.
Ethyl acetate followed by GC determination for the analysis of chlorfenapyr residues in orange and tomatoes were performed. Chlorfenapyr accuracy, repeatability, linearity and specificity were investigated. Pesticide regression coefficients (R(2)) were 0.9953 and 0.9901 in orange and tomatoes, respectively. LODs were 2.3 and 2.4 ?g/kg, respectively, while LOQs were 8.0 and 7.8 ?g/kg, respectively. Recovery% was ranged from 91.12% to 96.54%. The Half-life values (t1/2) were 2.85 and 2.89 days for orange and tomato, respectively. The PHI was 21 and 10 days for orange and tomato, respectively.
Detection of Chlorfenapyr PHI residues in this work highlights on the urgent needs for good implementation in Good Agriculture Practices and continuous control for these crops to minimize the health risk to consumption and improve exports.
Three different metal oxides namely TiO2 , MgO and ZnO in the nano particle size (NPs)form were prepared through chemical methods and characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) to evaluate its particle size and size distribution. The cotton and viscose fabrics were first pre-treated separately with the NPs metal oxides and then printed with pastes containing reactive and/or natural dyes. The colour strength (K/S) of pre-treated fabrics with nanoparticles were measured and compared with the untreated one. The existence of NPs on the fabrics during printing process highly increase the K/S of the printed goods irrespective of the nature of the colour or the kind of fabrics to be print. However, the value of the K/S of the printed goods depends on: (a) the nature of the metal oxide, (2) its concentration, (c) the nature of the colour, and (d) the nature of the printed fabric. Besides the NPs-treatment leads to produce a coloured fabrics with excellent antibacterial and very good UV protection properties and very good fastness properties.
Conservation agriculture techniques (e.g. no-tillage with mulching) have been much promoted as an alternative to conventional tillage in many cropping systems. However, adoption of no-tillage with mulching will only be widely adopted if competitive yields are demonstrated with its use. Our objective was to assess the short-term effect of no-tillage with mulch on the yield of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Bush bean yield with manual tillage without mulch (T0), no-tillage with banana residues (T1) and no-tillage with Tripascum laxum mulch (T2) were compared during two consecutives growing seasons. Banana residues and T. laxum mulch were applied at the rate of 12.5 tons dry matter ha-1 an-1. A significant (P<0.01) increase in bean yield was found in the first growing season (
Due to its clinical polymorphism diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis is often hidden. This could influence its low diagnostic rate by not referring cases not diagnosed as clinical imaging.
MRI allows the diagnosis by showing the thrombus and the occluded vein. The prognosis is usually reserved compared to arterial thrombosis diagnosis but deserves to be placed early to avoid disabling sequelae.
We report a patient is 37 years with no particular history in which MRI led to the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis on T1 and T2 sequences in the right lateral sinus and veno MRI in the acute phase. There were no parenchymal lesions. One month later a check showed recanalization of the right lateral sinus.
These could not they participate in determining the duration of antithrombotic treatment not justified for the moment of consensus?
The mathematical notion of nonlinear partial derivatives equations are registered in full in Mathematical Analysis. This concept has several applications in other disciplines such as physics, economics, demography, chemistry, differential geometry and infinitesimal, etc. Presented with diversified forms, this notion remains essential in the progress of all research in pure and applied mathematics. It borrows concepts of topology and functional analysis for a better understanding. The question is at what level mathematics are for research and our contribution in this article. For this, we present the theory and develop some methods of solving equations to nonlinear partial differential equations.
In mathematical analysis, methods were developed for solving differential equations as there is no general method for solving these equations. However, in Algebra, the simultaneous equations are those for which the roots all check equations, they form the system of equations. We note in the study of differential equations that the system of differential equations is not very developed yet many books to refer analysis but not explicitly. And these systems can be put in matrix form. This allows the resolution of these systems by using the matrices being given various operations on the matrix and determinant calculation. The ideal of this article is to make the public interested in mathematics, clear text with a more understandable language on solving linear ordinary differential equations systems with constant coefficients. Our research is limited to the case of linear differential equations with constant coefficients. We do not claim to theorize on solving ordinary linear differential equation systems with constant coefficients less and extend applications.
Hospitals produce waste in the care unit. The demographic and medical technology change affect the production of waste, said medical and pharmaceutical, is increasing. The importance of quantifying the daily waste generation is well established.
Our study aims to measure the production of solid medical waste at the Mohamed V hospital in Meknes over a period of four weeks and to determine the proportion of hazardous waste. This hospital consists of 9 levels (5 floors, a ground floor and 3 basement) and its shape is radiant in 4 pavilions.
The results show that the production of waste at the Mohamed V hospital remains within acceptable limits of estimated production in Morocco to 3kg per occupied bed per day.
The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector of parasitic disease which is transmitted via a dipterous insect bite, the phlebotomus. It always poses a problem for public health in Morocco and in many countries. It is a widespread pathology that develops under sporadic or endemic form. Having for objective to analyse the epidemiological situation of cutaneous leishmaniasis within Meknes prefecture and to detect the locations that are at risk to transmit this disease. We have offered to conduct a retrospective study of the cutaneous leishmaniasis cases registered at the level of this prefecture all along the period of 2009 through 2013. This research aims to analyse the annual segmentation of the cutaneous leishmaniasis cases according to urban or rural locations as well as the level of incidence by commune and by sectors. Data used is adopted for the epidemiological surveillance inserted in the register of the Epidemiological cell of the prefecture. The studied variables are: the number of cases, the year, the place, and the sector. To collect and to analyse data, we have used excel application. A total of 56 cases are registered by the prefectural cell of epidemiology (EPC) all along the period of 2009 through 2013 among which 56 percent are from the rural areas. 46 percent are from the urban locations. We have equally observed that this pathology spreads in the majority of sectors and locations in the prefecture, with a variable scale of incidence depending on the years. A predominance of the rural sectors :( DKHISSA and Wallili) is noted. In addition, to some urban sectors: (Sidi Amer, Ras Aghil) to take the case 2012 incidence: in respect to the following data : 65.1 ;59.1;23.64; 9.49. These findings are worth reconsideration by other studies in order to determine the ecology and dynamics of the population vector of this disease within range of the main locations of this prefecture.
Staffing is key to the progress and sustenance of any organization. Personnel in the library and information science field form the core of all activities in librarianship. Policies are fundamental to the implementation of staffing procedures. Thus, the quest for recruiting staff with the right qualification to fill available and specific position within the library and information science education field is essential. The high demand for information professionals in tertiary institutions libraries in Nigeria, calls for a closer attention. Insufficient manpower in the library could create a gap in the service quality as such it is relevant to consider users because they are at the receiving end. Therefore recruiting for right personnel to give the right training for Library and information science education could be a measure to reduce redundancy in library service. The paper discussed the qualification, recruitment process, staff remunerations, on the job training, school curriculum development for library and information science education and challenges facing in staffing policies formulation in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. In conclusion, curriculum should be developed in library schools that incorporate modern trend as well as prepare graduate for future task. Therefore, to give the right training to undergraduate can only be achieved when qualified teachers with the right skill and competence is employed to teach LIS students in tertiary institutions recommendations and suggestions will be proffered to advance library and information science program in tertiary institutions.
Human resource planning plays a very significant role in sustaining competent employees in academic libraries in order to provide service quality to users. Academic libraries as the name imply operates in higher institutions of learning to meet the teeming information need of students, staff and the institution community member at large. The library function to provide information need of users at a minimum time. Human resource are essential component required for the smooth running of the library, when there are no skilled professionals in the library the service dwindles and users are discouraged to use the library. Therefore, in order to provide astute service to users especially providing users with timely information, professional should be employed and sustained in the academic library to reduce illiterate in our society. Thus, human resource planning is the own means through which competent professionals are sustained in the library to bring about growth and development of the economy. Therefore, it is essential to plan for the present and the future of human resource present in academic libraries in Nigeria in order to improve on their service to uses. Despite all the hurdles in education in Nigeria that has led to down turn of academic libraries, when human resource planning is rightly incorporated in the library will make a lot of difference that lead to users satisfaction.
The inability for the formal sectors to effectively accommodate the growing needs and demand of the teeming population necessitated the need for the informal sector It is however pertinent to note that in spite of the enormous importance the sectors plays it is still being neglected owing to the fact that it is saturated with players who lack or have inadequate formal education, requires no formal certification to start-up, no barrier to entry and questionable saving culture. Conversely, despite the negligence it has evolved thus becomes a reasonable part of the economy that cannot be overlooked. It is on this backdrop that the research seeks access the saving culture among street vendors of the Informal Sector in Kogi State, Nigeria. The study is an attempt at exposing the percentage of income save, channels of saving and reasons for saving. Primary Data was used and collected through well-structured questionnaires distributed among 300 respondents sampled using multi stage sampling techniques analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the Street Food Vending business of the informal sector is characterised by Female gender, low literacy rate, average propensity to save is 0.36 (save only 36% of their profit) and whose major reason for saving is to meet daily life cycle needs and prefers informal saving group. The study hence recommend that Financial institutions should be indigenous in nature so as to ensure financial inclusion of the informal sectors who have no formal education to perform transaction and lack the understanding of the complexity of the convention financial institution.
In this paper, Sumudu Transform Series Decomposition Method (STSDM) for solving Integro-Differential Equation is presented. The method is an elegant combination of Sumudu Transform method, series expansion and Adomian polynomial. Three numerical problems were solved and compared with the exact solutions and the results by other approximate methods in order to check the effectiveness, reliability, accuracy, and the convergence of the method. The results obtained by STSDM showed that it is a powerful mathematical technique for solving wide range of physical problems arising in science and engineering fields.
This paper examines the relation between ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and the effect of innovation on higher education during the 2000-2014 periods in the case of developed countries. The cointegration relationship between series was examined by using panel cointegration test developed by Pedroni (1999, 2004) and Kao (1999). As a result of the empirical analysis, cointegration relationship between the series was determined. The results provide also evidence of a positive effect of innovation in tertiary education.
Over the past four decades, many events and economic and extra-economic changes questioned the relevance and validity of structural econometric models. Currently, all models are developed for a stationary process. However, this hypothesis is not usually verified. This article attempts to implement some unit root tests both in classical and modern ways. In particular, we will base our application on the tests with structural breaks time. Our investigation sample is composed about several Moroccan macroeconomic variables, namely real GDP, inflation rate, etc. Most of results of these implementation tests reveal us that all the series have undergone at least two breaks (two structural changes) at the time. The stationary is confirmed around a segmented trend, in case when that makes the reviewing the all standard stationary tests findings.
Metal Traces Elements are present in agricultural soils, because they are naturally the Earth's crust components. But also because of human intake. They are more or less with drawed by the cultivated plants and can potentially cause safety problems of agricultural products destined to the human being food and animals feed. These metal or metalloids are called "traces" because they are present in very low concentrations in the earth's crust or in the living organisms
In this study, an analytical introduction to each of the federal public budgets in Iraq for the period 2004- 2013 to the extent of achieving the goals of economic and social state through those budgets, according to the economic and social development indicators. The study concluded that a number of the most important conclusions: (At the time it should be that the budget reflects the vision of the future government and their strategies, however, adopted in the preparation of the general budget and the failure of planning method pointing to the government's lack of strategic vision in the face of the financial burdens growing; and the lack of clarity of the goals that the Government should seek to achieve through the budget).
That adoption objective estimates as well as detailed economic programs during the preparation of the state budget should be in accordance with the manner in which Imposed by budget preparation mechanism, add to the adoption the actual incomes of the previous years for all ministries and agencies as a basis in the federal budget estimates as well as serious and effective work to find new sources of funding.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common type of infection found in any organ system, and the most common type of nosocomial infection. The strains of Escherichia coli that infect the urinary tract are categorized as uropathogenic E. coli. The antimicrobial agents that have traditionally been used to treat UTIs (?-lactams, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim
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