[ Valorisation technologique de la pulpe et de l’amande des fruits de Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. au Niger ]
Volume 38, Issue 4, February 2023, Pages 806–818
Moussa Arohalassi Halidou1, Mahamadou Elhadji Gounga2, and Rayanatou Issa Ado3
1 École Doctorale Sciences, Ingénierie, Santé et Environnement (SISE), Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi (UDDM), BP: 465 A.D.S Maradi, Niger
2 Département des Sciences et Techniques de Productions Végétales, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi, Niger
3 Programme Alimentaire Mondial PAM, sous bureau Maradi, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Sclerocarya birrea or Marula tree is a multipurpose forest species widespread in Africa and little studied in Niger. This study focused on the processing of its fruits in order to better contribute to its technological valorization. The samples were collected in two regions followed by their processing by extraction juice from pulp and oil from kernel before their physicochemical and biochemical characterization. The results showed that the Brix degree, the pH and the titratable acidity of the juice varied respectively from 8.40 ± 0.36 to 11.80 ± 0.20 °B; 2.55 ± 0.73 to 2.67 ± 0.66 and 7.77 ± 0.25 to 18.92 ± 0.52%. The quality parameters of oil showed that the acidity index varied from 7.4 ± 0.01 to 18.71 ± 0.01 KOH/g; the saponification index from 275.34 ± 0.02 to 298.03 ± 0.01 mgKOH/g; the iodine index from 7.23 ± 0.02 to 22.96 ± 0.01 I2/100g and the peroxide index from 0.16 ± 0.01 to 9.2 ± 0.00 meq O2 /kg. The fatty acid profile showed a richness in saturated, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids with essential oils 3, 6, 7 and 9. The fruits of S. birrea thus demonstrate a great potential and a very rich and exploitable composition for several purposes and can be an alternative in contributing to the food and nutritional security of rural households.
Author Keywords: Sclerocarya birrea, Valorisation, Transformation, Physico-chemistry, Fatty Acid, Food security and Nutrition, Niger.
Volume 38, Issue 4, February 2023, Pages 806–818
Moussa Arohalassi Halidou1, Mahamadou Elhadji Gounga2, and Rayanatou Issa Ado3
1 École Doctorale Sciences, Ingénierie, Santé et Environnement (SISE), Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi (UDDM), BP: 465 A.D.S Maradi, Niger
2 Département des Sciences et Techniques de Productions Végétales, Faculté d’Agronomie et des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi, Niger
3 Programme Alimentaire Mondial PAM, sous bureau Maradi, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The Sclerocarya birrea or Marula tree is a multipurpose forest species widespread in Africa and little studied in Niger. This study focused on the processing of its fruits in order to better contribute to its technological valorization. The samples were collected in two regions followed by their processing by extraction juice from pulp and oil from kernel before their physicochemical and biochemical characterization. The results showed that the Brix degree, the pH and the titratable acidity of the juice varied respectively from 8.40 ± 0.36 to 11.80 ± 0.20 °B; 2.55 ± 0.73 to 2.67 ± 0.66 and 7.77 ± 0.25 to 18.92 ± 0.52%. The quality parameters of oil showed that the acidity index varied from 7.4 ± 0.01 to 18.71 ± 0.01 KOH/g; the saponification index from 275.34 ± 0.02 to 298.03 ± 0.01 mgKOH/g; the iodine index from 7.23 ± 0.02 to 22.96 ± 0.01 I2/100g and the peroxide index from 0.16 ± 0.01 to 9.2 ± 0.00 meq O2 /kg. The fatty acid profile showed a richness in saturated, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids with essential oils 3, 6, 7 and 9. The fruits of S. birrea thus demonstrate a great potential and a very rich and exploitable composition for several purposes and can be an alternative in contributing to the food and nutritional security of rural households.
Author Keywords: Sclerocarya birrea, Valorisation, Transformation, Physico-chemistry, Fatty Acid, Food security and Nutrition, Niger.
Abstract: (french)
L’arbre de Sclerocarya birrea ou Marula est une espèce forestière aux usages multiples très répandue en Afrique et peu étudiée au Niger. Cette étude porte sur la transformation de ses fruits afin de mieux contribuer à sa valorisation technologique. Les échantillons ont été collectés au niveau de deux régions suivi de leurs transformation par extraction de jus de pulpe et d’huile d’amande avant de faire leur caractérisation physicochimique et biochimique au laboratoire. Les résultats ont montré que le degré Brix, le pH et l’acidité titrable du jus de pulpe ont varié respectivement de 8.40 ± 0.36 à 11.80 ± 0.20 °B; 2.55 ± 0.73 à 2.67 ± 0.66 et 7.77 ± 0.25 à 18.92 ± 0.52 %. Les indices de qualité des huiles extraites des amandes ont varié de 7.4 ± 0.01 à 18.71 ± 0.01 KOH/g pour l’indice d’acidité; 275.34 ± 0.02 à 298.03 ± 0.01 mgKOH/g pour l’indice de saponification; 7.23 ± 0.02 à 22.96 ± 0.01 I2/100g pour l’indice d’iode et de 0.16 ± 0.01 à 9.2 ± 0.00 méq O2 /kg pour l’indice de peroxyde. Le profil des acides gras des huiles montre une richesse en acides gras saturés, mono et poly insaturés avec des 3, 6, 7 et 9. Les fruits de S. birrea démontrent ainsi une grande potentialité et une composition très riche et exploitable dans plusieurs domaines et peut être une alternative pour contribuer à la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle des ménages ruraux.
Author Keywords: Sclerocarya birrea, Valorisation, Transformation, Physico-chimie, Acides Gras, Sécurité alimentaire et Nutritionnelle, Niger.
How to Cite this Article
Moussa Arohalassi Halidou, Mahamadou Elhadji Gounga, and Rayanatou Issa Ado, “Technological valorization of the pulp and kernel of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. in Niger,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 806–818, February 2023.
