The goal of this study is to identify factors promoting a community mutual health insurance creation in Lubero town. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study that was conducted among 384 household’s chiefs. To collect data, we used questionnaire technique and group discussion with the key informants of Lubero Town. The results of this study show that: the quality health care offered to the population by the existing health structures, the population awareness of community mutual health insurance guidelines are social factors of its formation in Lubero town. Then, economic development dynamics, real and priority need, household income, joining will, contribution intentions and members’ willingness to fund are economic factors promoting creation of a community mutual health insurance in Lubero town. Finally, democratically elected association managers, regular meetings, administrative documents, proper finances management, layout of health accommodations to receive mutual members are institutional factors that promote its creation in Lubero town.