Université Moulay Ismail, Faculté des Sciences, Département de Géologie, Equipe Sciences de l'Eau et Ingénierie de l'Environnement, B.P. 11202, Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco
In this article, we intend to raise the issue of water information systems of the countries bordering the Black Sea. The watershed tributaries of the Black Sea basin belong to the Danube, the most developed of them, Dniester, Bug, Kamchia, Kuban, etc. Because the coordination of information systems for water throughout the basin of the Black Sea would have been very difficult due to lack of linguistic, geographical, political and economic homogeneity of neighboring countries, this research will focus on three countries of the southern and eastern shores of the Black Sea, such as Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey. Thus, the thread of this article will be to provide an overview of the concepts, methods and available information systems for water that all three countries have developed so far, in order to draft some recommendations and develop possible solutions in terms of waterresources and hydro-informatics management in the countries with the biggest deficits from this point of view, from North Africa and not only.
The Dam Sidi Chahed is located downstream of the Mikkes and Lmaleh rivers. It's located about 30 km at the NE of Meknes city and about 30 km at the NW of Fez city on the main road between Fez and Sidi Kacem. It was commissioned in 1997 and has a capacity of 170 million m3. It crosses three different structural units with the Middle Atlas to the south, the basin know the center and south-north Rif wrinkles. The use of ArcGIS and Global Mapper has been used to characterize the edge of the dam and its retention Sidi Chahed from ASTER images making several thematic maps which are: the map contours, the DTM, the map slopes and their exposure, thematic map of sub-basins, the thematic map of the river system and its classification, the superposition of the structural and drainage networks, thematic map of rainfall and late distribution maps of physico-chemical parameters. From thematic maps produced for the watershed studied, several geometric calculations were performed to characterize the watersheds under long view, width, equivalent rectangle, area, perimeter and compactness index. These parameters indicate that sub tanks are elongated favoring low flow rates, a greater flow of water and a total amount of time of considerable precipitation harvested. Rainfall results, which were obtained from the isohyets maps are divided into 7 classes with lower values since the Middle Atlas at the south (850 mm) to the Sidi Chahed dam at the north (450 mm).