The study was conducted to assess the impact of cooperative society in reducing unemployment in Delta State, Nigeria. The list of all registered Cooperative Societies was obtained from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Twenty eight 28 cooperatives societies were randomly selected. The next stage was the random selection of ten respondents from each of the 28 cooperative societies comprising of 280 respondents. Both secondary and primary sources of data collection were used for the study. The primary data involved the use of structured questionnaire. Secondary data include journals, magazines and textbooks. Data was analyzed with Chi-Square. The result showed that males constitute 56 percent of the population, while the remaining 44 percent were females. On age of the respondents majority (77%) belong to the age bracket of 25-50 years. The rest were either above 50 years (19%) or below 25 years (4%). The marital status of the respondents showed that about 68 percent of them were married, 14 percent of them were single and 18 percent were either divorced or widowed. The survey of the farm income revealed that about 24 percent had less than N 100,000.00 as annual farm income, 38 percent had between N 150,000.00 and N200, 000.00, 38 percent had above N200, 000.00 annual farm incomes. The study further revealed that 71 percent of the respondents had been in cooperative business for less than 11 years, 23 percent had been member of cooperative societies for the past 11 to 20 years and the remaining 6 percent had cooperative experience of above 20 years. The average years of cooperative experience for the area was 9 year. The findings also showed that cooperative society was formed in the state with the objective of solving problems in order to meet the needs and aspiration of members through capital formation and mobilization. The result further revealed that a total of N 43,343,920.00 was generated by all the members of the 28 agricultural cooperative societies involved in the study, that is about 88 percent of the fund came from sixteen cooperative societies that make up farmers multipurpose and thrift and credit societies. The remaining 12 percent of the fund were contributed by the other twelve societies. A critical analysis of the result showed that average capital per member involve in the study was estimated to be N 61,047.77. The chi-square analysis on the impact of cooperative societies on employment generation showed that there is a significant impact (chi-square value = 51.8). Therefore, the young and agile graduates in Delta state can take advantage and reap of the substantial benefits of cooperative society in job creation especially as the unemployment situation in Delta State and Nigeria is worsening.

This study was conducted in Delta State to examine the consumption and expenditure patterns of public servants in Delta State. One hundred and twenty (120) respondents were randomly selected from Delta State Polytechnic Ozoro, sixty (60) each for junior and senior staff respectively. Structured questionnaires were administered to a cross section of the respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using the ordinary least squares method of multiple regression analysis, T-test statistic, deriving marginal propensity to consumer coefficients from simple regression model. The study revealed that female, (55%) constitute the majority of the employees in the study area. Most of the workers are young and energetic and represented the active labour force. Majority (69.17%) of the workers are married which indicated that a substantial part of their income was devoted to family upkeep. The empirical results further showed that there was a significant relationship between food consumption and expenditure on savings, investment, education, transportation and house rent at (p<0.05). It was further observed that workers spend more money on food and other things as they receive their salary. However, the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) of low income workers was 0.786 while those of high income workers was 0.965 showing that both groups set aside a large proportion of their income on consumption. It can be concluded that most public servants in Delta State spend more of their income on food, transportation, rent, among others than saves invest. Recommendations are therefore made to encourage workers to save and invest through periodic wage reviews, staff motivation and education, checking the rate of inflation and provision of adequate food at affordable prices.

Materials remain the most vital input in engineering construction. Many materials exist for solar cooker fabrication. But much is not known of fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) material in solar cooker fabrication more especially in Nigeria. A concentrating solar energy cooker was designed, constructed and characterized at the National Centre for Energy Research and Development, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, lat 6.8oN and long.7.29oE Nigeria. The study involved construction of mold and a scraper for the construction of the parabolic concentrating solar cooker. The solar cooker has an aperture area of 1.56 m2 and a focal length of 0.5m with a stand support. The cooker has a manually adjustable thistle for pot positioning and tracking of the sun over the sky. The characterization of the cooker involved both temperature measurements and performance evaluation of the solar cooker using local food stuff. Performance results of the cooker was compared with three other solar cookers - a Japanese made concentrating solar cooker, an NCERD made concentrating solar cooker and a box type solar cooker simultaneously. Indication showed that the fibre reinforced plastic solar cooker was able to maintain maximum and minimum temperature range of 270 and 60oC, and 80 and 33oC under clear sky and cloudy weather while the imported Japanese, NCERD and box type solar cookers maintained temperature range of 350 and 40oC, 250 and 33oC, and 78oC respectively. The cooking test showed that the fibre reinforced plastic concentrating solar cooker performed better than the NCERD and the box type solar cookers, but performed lower when compared to the Japanese solar cooker. Observation showed that the concentrating solar cookers performed poorly under very poor weather showing that the solar concentrator cookers could only be a supplement to other cooking systems rather than being a substitute. The choice of fibre reinforced plastic was basically on the ease of molding, the non-corrosive and longer life expectancy, high strength to weight ratio and high flexural strength which makes it very attractive as a light weight material.

Gender Mainstreaming is imperative in contemporary development planning. It is a globally accepted strategy for promoting gender equality especially in institutions of higher education. Universities are crucial centres for change and gender mainstreaming their curriculum, enrolments, and general operation is crucial as it will enable them to fulfil this mandate. Enhancing quality education by women and men, and removing gender stereotyping in the curriculum, career choices and the professions is the sine qua non for sustainable development. In this respect, obstacles to women's participation in higher education need to be minimised or eradicated completely. Therefore, recruitment, enrolments, promotions and organisational structures need to be gender mainstreamed. This research involved extensive documentary reviews. Interviews with key selected stakeholders, representative of students, academic and administrative staff and top-decision makers and implementers were also conducted. The paper suggests that the application of a gender mainstreaming strategy is possible, though complex. The case study institution analysed shows some progress but there are still many challenges relating to structural issues, sustainability, policy formulation, the commitment of actors involved, and the whole aspect of attitudinal change both at individual level and collectively for the university.

Mycoviruses are widespread in all major fungal groups and most of these cause little or no obvious symptoms in their fungal hosts. Mycoviruses particles were recorded since 1970s period. Many fungi like filamentous fungi like Fusarium spp. and mushroom Lentinula edodes infected by many types of viral particles but they were not regarded as causal agents for mushroom diseases. In this study, the dsRNA genome of a mycovirus recently found in dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte fungi and their molecular structure was characterized. Genomic DNA of 180 isolates of Candida albicans and Trichophytone rubrum was extracted and electrophoresis through agarose gel. The results showed that many types of viral genomic DNA were detected, The Partitiviridea and Reoviridea genome of were obtained. In conclusion we observed that many filamentous fungi carried viral particles in their culture without any plaques as a lysogenic form of mycophage.

The present study has been conducted in Babylon/Science College for Women to detect the efficiency of three plant extracts (Euphorbia helioscobia, Eucalyptus globules and Myrtus comminus on the Entamoeba histolytica Parasites that grown in beef liver infusion medium at 37 centigreat temperature. Concentration of cooled and boiled plant extracts its(2.5 ,5 , 10) % of the three plants as well as control group(distelled water). The results revealed that the boiled plant extracts of three plants were the efficient from cooled plant extracts in killing the trophozoites of the Entamoeba histolytica . The E. helioscobia boiled plant extracts was the efficient to killing the trophozoites in the second day from the begining of the experiment with 10 mgml. And the next its boiled plant extracts of Eucalyptus globules and Myrtus comminus in the third day from the begining of the experiment with 5 mgml for each one .and all the three plant extracts inhibited the viability of E. histolytica that grown in beef liver infusion medium comparison with control group.as well as the metronidazole drug in one microliterml. finished the viability of trophozoites at the third day, and showed from the present study successfully grown E. histolytica in beef liver infusion medium.

This study reports on changes in traditional knowledge and know-how in Batwa communities due to livelihood changes especially due to cassava cultivation ownership. We compare Batwa (pygmies) and Ntomba (bantou) communities living in the two villages (Iyanda and Sekri) in Congolese jungle. Results revealed that Batwa communities have lost significant knowledge packages after they adopted bantou livelihood behavior. This situation should be well managed to avoid the complete loss of Batwa traditional knowledges and know-how.

Objective: The aim of this study is to draw up a bibliographic inventory of the edible Macromycetes fungi basing on the literature.
Methodology and results: Data on mushrooms collected from different published works, allowed us to realize a first inventory concerning the species of the edible Macromycetes mushrooms reported in different regions of Morocco. It includes 105 species divided into 23 families. The Basidiomycetes are the most represented with 87 species (83%) and the Ascomycetes are represented with 18 species (13%). The excellent edible mushrooms are encountered with a high level. Indeed, the represent more than 34% of the study species. The most important families in terms of the species number are Agaricaceae (20 species), Amanitaceae (10) the Boletaceae (7) and Pezizaceae (7).
Conclusion and application of the research: The results are part of the contribution to the determination of the fungal diversity is Morocco remains incomplete till the present.

First introduced to check coastal erosion, Nypa fruticans has proven to be much more useful. Given the variety of potentials it possess, we decided to analyse the leaves, husks and midveins of this plant for phytochemical bases and also test the antimicrobial property of various extracts against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids and polyphenols, and absence of tannins and anthraquinones. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the midveins, leaves and husks showed good antimicrobial against all the test organisms. Varying concentrations of the ethanolic extract of the leaves revealed that at concentration of 5% and above gave absolute inhibition of E. coli. There is need to reconsider the re-utilization of Nypa Palm in Nigeria.

In Katanga, the diversity of metallurgical processes has led to contamination of the environment by trace metals (TM). An essay was set for the purpose of determining the level of TM contents in the water of the river Lubumbashi, the ground on which families make crops and plants produced on it to assess the risk of contamination of the food chain.
Soil samples were collected at the study site, sieved, homogenized and made of a composite left in the pots. The 2x3 factorial designs with 6 repetitions, 36 treatments were installed. The "soil" factor 2 variants: T0, T1, and "plant species" factor has 3 levels (cabbage, spinach, and amaranth).
The results showed very high levels, Cu [1200], Co [1600], Mn [1200] ppm in soils of the Lubumbashi's river, they are superior to the standard NFU 44-041 in force France. These high levels of TM ground T1 have led a deleterious effect on plant growth involving their dead. The irrigation water provided an additional TM soil of about 0.00063 mg/L Cu, 0.000225 Co, Fe 796.5, 504 Mn, Cd and 0.513 0 36 Pb, which is important inputs.
Contamination of the food chain through the consumption of vegetables grown on this soil is evident and real. The use of effective technologies bioremediation of contaminated soils is important to reduce the risk of food poisoning in humans.

This work had like objective to show the characteristics of the family farms in the current context of Kipushi in order to apprehend the stake for food safety. To arrive there, an investigation was led to 82 family farmers of Kasamba, Kashamata, Makwatsha and Mimbulu: villages of the agricultural zone of Lubumbashi from January to June 2014.This investigation revealed that for the whole of these studied villages, the average surface cultivated for all the crops is 96,5

In Katanga, the poverty and the deterioration of the livelihoods are at the base of the food insecurity especially in the agricultural households. The food request is an especially function of the number of people and purchasing power to them. This study had like objective to apprehend the food safety of the agricultural households of the territory of Kipushi by their food expenditure. To arrive there, an investigation was led to nearly 90 households taken in a random way in 6 villages of the territory of Kipushi over one period active of February in June 2012.The results of this study showed that the food expenditure by household was on average 3, 47$ for the whole of all the studied villages whose average size of household was 6,3. The daily consumption per capita in monetary term varied between 0, 47 and 0, 63$ and represents a convincing indicator of level of increased poverty (1, 25$ per capita per day). As for food consumption, the corn, the vegetables (cassava leaves) and the palm oil are food very consumed in the villages. The food practices, accessibility, the availability, the price would be the determining factors food consumption in the villages and at the same time the price of meat products would be a factor limiting for more than one agricultural household. Next research is very necessary to study the livelihoods of these households.

Banana is exposed to many problems including excessive soil salinity and irrigation waters that decrease productivity. This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of salinity on the behavior of banana and diversity of fungi in the soil. The trial was installed under greenhouse craft following a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Two banana cultivars (Pelipita ABB and Plantain) were subjected to increasing doses of NaCl (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g/ l). The behavior of cultivars, Na and K accumulation in the leaves and the color diversity of fungi were studied. The results obtained show a similar behavior between the two cultivars of banana on the observed parameters, except the leaf area in 15 days, which is high on the cultivar 1. High levels of NaCl decrease leaf area. Significant differences were observed with a high accumulation of Na with T1 and T2 and a high accumulation of K in T5 and T7. Finally the treatments that received low doses of salt have found a high diversity of fungi colors. These results show that the selection of tolerant cultivars is an inexpensive option to increase banana yield on saline soils, in a context where some poor farming practices such as irrigation and mineral fertilization lead to salinization.

A study on the equal treatment of users of public services; for subscribers of the National Electricity Company "SNEL" in Kavumu shopping center; allowed us to discover how this state company provides its services to its users (subscribers). However; it is clear that the principle is violated in benefits SNEL. Several abuses occur in benefits to its customers especially in pricing and billing. The price applicable to the eastern DRC makes it very expensive to the current Kavumu; following billing which is observed; even in case of failure and it also violates the right of access to electricity as guaranteed by the constitution of the DRC (Art.48 of the Constitution of the DR Congo 18february.2006.)
More; we found other abuses in the organization of special relief and lines; and noticed discriminate between subscribers. Load shedding and special lines do not conform to the distribution of electrical energy regulations and the state provides no effort to protect users or better to make this right guaranteed by the Constitution and the violation engage(bind) liability under the spirit of the Congolese Civil Code Book III (Art.258 , 259 CDC III).

An investigation on land management in the group Bugorhe was made from January 2013 until December 2014. This study has imbued us tools to mobilize for socio-economic transformation or better for good integral development of the democratic republic of the Congo in general and Bugorhe group in particular, but also include land management in the Bugorhe group who is a victim of the ignorance of the Land Law (Law No. 73-021 of 20 July 1973 as amended and supplemented by law No. 80-008du 18 July 1980) and the lack of urban planning and subdivision in most neighborhoods and villages as it observes some uncontrolled construction here and there and some land conflicts that result because most Bugorhe the group 's land is customary origin and that would require a strong involvement of public authorities to clean up this valuable area for human life. Moreover the earth being a cult object and imbued sacredness element of social cohesion, economic development tool, it is simply a matter of extraordinary complexity and at the same time, an economic good of paramount importance. Indeed, in both urban and rural areas, land is developed for housing, agriculture, livestock, trade, industry, handicrafts, fish farming; once mostly unregulated reconcile custom and law; the division of society may arise in any circumstance; and that's why the state has seen fit to only arrogated absolute ownership of land (Art.53 of the Land Law of 18 July 1980) and in the spirit of Article 58 of the Constitution. Congo the RD of 18 February 2006.

This study focuses on the biological wastewater treatment for vegetable plots quality improvement. Based on planted wetland technology using vetiver grass, treated water quality was significantly improved at 95% performance. Toxic heavy metal and other pollutant loads were reduced. Chemical analyses revealed such improvement: pH, TOC, K, N, P, Cr VI, Cd, Pb were lowered. This simple, efficient and low-cost technology will be extended to two other sites in Matadi. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between untreated and treated water pollutant loads.

Studies on self-regulation strategies show that they have an impact on intellectual performance. It seemed appropriate to consider this impact in the Cameroonian academic context, where statistics show a high rate of failure. We are particularly interested in the Graduate students of the Faculties of letters and Human Sciences and legal and political sciences. The goal is to study the strategies they use during the production of text in an examination situation, and especially the consciousness that they use during execution of the task. A sample of 120 subjects have answered a questionnaire, the COMEGAM, a standardized and used tool for self-evaluation 'knowledge Metacognitives and management of mental activity', developed by Richer, Mongeau, Lafortune, Deaudelin, Doudin and Martin (2004). The results obtained following an analysis of the correlations of the different variables on the one hand show that students strongly use self-regulation strategies during the drafting of texts, but that they do not have good conscience about it. They demonstrate on the other hand that the awareness of the use of strategies and self-regulation strategies of planning, in particular, has an impact on intellectual performance.

The Geometric ornaments co-ordinate with many beliefs and ideas in different civilizations, these ornaments have especially harmonies when they combined and creation new decorations and configurations marked by contemporary.
The Geometric ornaments in Nubian painting were marked by Geometric abstraction in the Christian era (Byzantine), Geometrical designs which came in the Nubian painting based on construction, abstract form and color as well as thought. The decomposition of the color and form were free from their traditional to become aesthetics composition allowing the artist to record symbolic forms which are relied on the vertical and horizontal lines, oblique, curved, opposite or tangled that give a Geometrical design including dynamics relations reflect the symmetry and balance.
Therefore, the research aims to analyze the Geometric ornaments which are included in the Nubian painting and varied between geometric interlacing, as well as circles which related to each other by a unit or separated with different types of roses, in addition to horizontal tapes decorated with circles, squares, plait shapes , plant leaves and roses.
Through the study and analysis, modern designs have been discovered for the printed contemporary upholstery fabrics depend on the abstract current in composition, construction and find new relationships.

Digital seismograms recorded at seismic station of Lwiro, between August 1993 and March 1994, are used to investigate the spatial distribution of stress drop estimated following the spectral Brune's model in the Kivu region and its vicinities. It is revealed that a small stress drop (<=1) is observed in these zones. The high stress drops are observed in the granitic intrusion in the zone A and D (Idjwi Island) and B, on fracture linked Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira volcanoes, and the lowest is very scattered in the zone C, D and E. The study has revealed that the stress drops correlate with fault types as the high value corresponds to reverse faults in the zone B, and the lowest to normal and strike slip faults in other zones. The Idjwi Island also presents a high stress drop where three types of faulting appear. Small stress drops are attributed to strong barriers of seismic rupture or no long rupture propagation along the pre

The idea of biogas as a diesel fuel substitute is not new. It is a very attractive alternative, especially in countries rich in agricultural products and poor in petroleum resources. It can be concluded from the study that while running a diesel engine in dual fuel mode i-e on diesel and biogas saved almost 62% to 64% diesel fuel, and consequently showing an annual saving of Rs. 3486/m3 and 3379/m3 capacity when run on dual fuel mode with respect to gas produced from fixed dome and floating drum biogas digesters respectively. The less saving in floating type biogas digester is due to gas losses from plant as compare to fixed dome biogas digester where system is air tight. Fixed dome biogas digester not only save the money but also the environment. Running engine through floating type biogas digester consumed 6.35% more diesel than fixed dome biogas digester in dual fuel mode. A 16 hp dual fuel diesel engine pumped 14 % more water from fixed dome biogas plant as compared floating drum biogas plant. It is therefore recommended that fixed dome biogas digester may be installed in such agroecological zones like Islamabad.

Objective: To evaluate the Emergency Obstetric Care Services in rural areas of D.G. Khan.
Methods: Mixed methodology technique was used in the present study for data collections. 115 women were selected out of 571 via multi-stage sampling techniques and 22 respondents from the staff of 6 BHUs were selected through purposive sampling for interview. SPSS 17 were used for statistical data analysis.
Results: Local community people preferred EMoC services over tradition healing system (p<0.05) and they are satisfied from the provided EMoC services in their rural areas (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was evaluated that EMoC services are working effectively in rural areas of Southern Punjab.

This study sought to explore the effect of Loan Repayment on financial performance of deposit taking SACCOs in Mount Kenya Region. The target population was all the thirty licensed deposit taking SACCOs in Mount Kenya Region, the sampling technique employed was simple random sampling and the sample size was 92 respondents. This study adopted a descriptive survey in soliciting information on effects of Loan Repayment on financial performance of deposit taking SACCOs in Mount Kenya region. Primary quantitative data was collected by use of self-administered structured questionnaires. The researcher also used secondary data derived from the audited financial statement of the SACCOs and the regulator (SASRA). The data collected was analyzed, with respect to the study objectives, using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The researcher concluded that there is need for the regulator to introduce credit policy for the sector, this will help in controlling credit risks among the SACCOs in the sector and reduce credit exposure on guarantors. Currently huge percentage of credit risk is on the guarantors but since the sector is on upward trend on growth, there is need to strengthen the sector by adoption of better and efficient credit management system and will ensure the sector is competitive across the Kenyan financial sector.

The chemical composition of Cola nitida and Cola rostada pods and seeds showed average moisture content of 81.75% whereas the seeds had an average of 54.60%. Crude protein ranged from 9.60-11.91% for the pods and 10.50-11-91% for the seeds. Lipid for both was less than 2%. Fibre of the pod was 15% while that of the seed ranged from 2% to 3.6%. The toxicant levels were generally low. The plants parts had low concentration of heavy metals such as cobalt, cadmium, and lead. The phytochemical components included alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and reducing compounds. The extracts inhibited Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, ?-haemolytic Streptococcus and Klebsiella pneumonia. There is an urgent need to establish the main bioactive agent and to experiment the use of the parts livestock feed.

In Tunisia, during the last two decades, hill lakes occupy an important place in national strategies and Water Conservation Soil (CES). In addition to their role in protecting the environment, hill lakes appear as local water available for agriculture. However, these water infrastructures are quite sensitive to sedimentation due to strong contributions. Water erosion affects nearly 3 million hectares of agricultural land in Tunisia, and is a threat to the sustainability of small dams to mobilize surface waters; where the dominant economic activity remains agriculture. Therefore, control methods are necessary to ensure sustainable land management and secure agricultural production. The objective of this study is to provide evidence for mapping and vulnerability to regionalize multifactor siltation of 26 small lakes located in Central Tunisia, along the Tunisian Dorsal to Cap Bon. The approach involves an analysis of the main factors of erosion: the rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope and land use. The resulting maps are integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) using an additive combination to map vulnerability to siltation. This card is validated by field observations. Three classes of multi siltation vulnerability were distinguished: areas with low vulnerability (49.6%); areas with medium vulnerability (27.6%) and highly vulnerable areas (22.8%). This first draft map is a tool to help decision makers for the allocation of crop areas and sites that may contain socio-economic infrastructure on the one hand and used to planning strategies for the development and management of water resources and conservation of water and soil at the scale of small watersheds other.

We proposed in this research to analyze and quantify the evolution of liquid and solid contributions and to study the hydrological behavior of hill lake El Hnach. Watershed El Hnach is located in semi-arid zone of the Tunisian Dorsal (Siliana) , instrumented since 1993, control an area of 385 hectares and a perimeter of 9 Km index overall slope is 0.028, corresponding to strong relief, makes the sensitive watershed erosion. Lake El Hnach had a total initial storage capacity of 77400 m3. This lake has lost 18770 m3, or 24% for a period of 4 years of existence. It loses 6.06 % of the storage capacity per year. According to hydrological analysis, the behavior of El Hnach follows three phases: the first to fall before soil tillage and high wetting, the second spring for soil with vegetation cover and moderately contaminated and the third for low soil moistened with a partially degraded plowing.

This study aims to flood forecasting at the three main stations of the Medjerda River, located in the upstream of Sidi Salem dam, Ghardimaou, Jendouba and Bou Salem. 22 floods were selected for flood forecasting by Muskingum model. Time calculation was varied from 2 to 8 hours with a pitch of 2 hours. Two scenarios were tested; forecasting with and without consideration the tributaries. To judge the quality of the forecasting model, three optimization criteria were chosen. This study showed that the results of flood forecasting by Muskingum model were satisfactory and by considering tributaries it were more satisfactory.

Oral contraception is used by one hundred million women worldwide for contraceptive purposes. Side effects are widely publicized. However non-contraceptive benefits are unknown women and the medical profession and deserve to be explored.
A review of the literature allowed us to gather a majority of non-contraceptive benefits of oral contraception.

The quality of cement can be evaluated firstly, by measuring physicochemical parameters of the raw materials, and intermediate products (raw, flour, clinker), which is formed during the manufacturing process, and the cement as a final product. Secondly, by the measurement of physico-mechanical parameters: compressive strengths at early age and long-term, flexion.... etc..
To reduce the number of experiments, orient the use of clinker and predict the quality of cement, we used a mathematical model of multilinear regression to find a correlation between the chemical parameters of clinker and compressive strengths at 2, 7 and 28 days of portland cement without adding CPA.
The results of the statistical and experimental study are highly predictive and reliable.

The transition to IFRS has been described as an accounting revolution due to the profound changes brought by the new concepts on which is based this referential. Therefore, the objective of harmonization is achieved through a gradual global spread of the application of this new accounting system. Moroccan firms are also affected by this change. Considering the small number of existing research, this article tries to analyze the adoption of such standards in the Moroccan context. To do so, the paper recalls the process of transition to IFRS in Morocco considers the benefits for Moroccan companies and finally highlights the issues related to such a project.

Data Mining is the area of research which means digging of useful information or knowledge from previous data. There are different techniques used for the data mining. Data mining may used in different fields including Healthcare. Heart or Cardiovascular diseases are the very hot issue in Healthcare industry globally. Many patients died due to insufficient amount of knowledge. As Healthcare industry produces a huge amount of data, we may use data mining to find hidden patterns and interesting knowledge that may help in effective and efficient decision making. Data mining in Healthcare is a crucial and complicated task that needs to be executed accurately. It attempts to solve real world health problems in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This work is also an attempt to find out interesting patterns from data of heart patients. There are three algorithm used with two different scenarios. These implemented algorithms are Decision Tree, Neural Network and Na

The study focuses on the development of a knowledge management system to improve the process of accumulation and dissemination of knowledge in small organizations. The problem of non-shared knowledge and not used effectively are the theoretical foundations. Combining theory and practice, the goal is to expose the steps of setting up this device. It is first to examine the mode of acquisition, modeling and knowledge capitalization, then discuss the approach in practice in the design and implementation of a software tool for knowledge management.

Austinatic Stainless Steel is one of the most widely used biomaterials for implants process, In the present study chemical and physical treatment have been used on two types of austinatic Stainless, 316L and 310S to compare their corrosion performance on both samples before and after both treatments. Corrosion rate for two samples was decrease with both treatments; polarization is confirming the open circuit potential and weight loss results. Metallography was studied by electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) method to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method and to determine the chromium concentration in the surface layer after treatment.

In this article, we intend to raise the issue of water information systems of the countries bordering the Black Sea. The watershed tributaries of the Black Sea basin belong to the Danube, the most developed of them, Dniester, Bug, Kamchia, Kuban, etc. Because the coordination of information systems for water throughout the basin of the Black Sea would have been very difficult due to lack of linguistic, geographical, political and economic homogeneity of neighboring countries, this research will focus on three countries of the southern and eastern shores of the Black Sea, such as Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey. Thus, the thread of this article will be to provide an overview of the concepts, methods and available information systems for water that all three countries have developed so far, in order to draft some recommendations and develop possible solutions in terms of waterresources and hydro-informatics management in the countries with the biggest deficits from this point of view, from North Africa and not only.

This study aims to know the sharing student degree in the content of Biology Book for second secondary class in Republic of Iraq, and Science book for Eighth class in UAS .This study depends on the analytic, descriptive way, using the analytic style of the content for the two books
- The conclusion of this study which is associated with the biology book of second secondary class in Republic of Iraq to the student share by ;-
- The Learn object widen equal (0.134), it is unacceptable rate object challenged the student thought.
- Paintings equal (0,285), this means that the structures structures and paintings him to use these in formation.
- Activities equal (0,6) ie. , the student gets an acceptable sharing with these activities
(The conclusion associate with science book for UAS)
- Paintings equal (1), it means that, equals the structure and paintings of the book which share the student and urge him to think with the other unshared half.
- Activities equal (2,2), it means the activities in the book do not give a completed data to deal in active way .
According to the previous, some recommendations and suggestions that give the benefit according to Roomy method to analyses the biology book for the other next classes to know the sharing of student.