This paper presents the SRIM simulation investigation of energetic particles (electrons, protons, heavy ions…) irradiation. Heavy Ions used are: ³⁶Ar, ⁷⁸Kr, ¹³⁶Xe and ²³⁸U. The electronic and nuclear energy losses of the incident ions and their course in the target material of silicon was calculated. We studied the stopping power or LET (Linear Energy Transfer), it makes possible to evaluate the actual path and the penetration profiles of the incident ion in the silicon target.

It is essential to know the desorption isotherms to control the drying processes of agricultural products, food. The objective of this work is to determine the sorption isotherms of the local onion: the Violet de Galmi cultivated in the Niayes area. Desorption isotherms were studied for water activities ranging from 0.05 to 0.9 and for temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C using the static gravimetric method. Six saturated salt solutions were used (KOH, K2CO3, NaBr, CuCl2, KCl and NaCl). The results show that the desorption isotherms of onion are type II and the equilibrium water content is temperature dependent. The experimental results are then smoothed by five models: Guggenheim - Anderson - De Boer (GAB), Brunauer - Emmett and Teller (BET), Henderson, Oswin and Peleg for the description of the equilibrium state of this product. From the modeling, it was concluded that both the Peleg model and the GAB model describe the desorption isotherms of onion well, but the Peleg model has the smallest relative errors, thus defining the Peleg model as the best model. From the results obtained, the isosteric heat of desorption is determined using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

Senegal despite its relatively hot climate has adopted glass for several decades in the construction of buildings. The objective of this present work is to study the influence of the angle of incidence on the intrinsic characteristics of a glazing. The study shows that reducing solar gain by radiation through a facade glazed requires an increase in the reflection factor of the glazing. Proposals for solutions are made on the basis of the results obtained. An evaluation of the solar radiation on a vertical facade is treated and allowed us to have a precise idea as to the orientation that should be adopted for the glass walls if we wish to contribute significantly to better energy management.

The Niayes area is an agricultural region where market gardeners use a lot of fertilizers and pesticides. With irrigation, water infiltration can lead with it chemicals that can reach the groundwater that is used for drinking by the population and other domestics activities. The study presented in this paper is to assess the risk of contamination of the groundwater consecutive to the use of chemicals in the Niayes area. To perform this, we used the HYDRUS-1D software to model and visualize the spread of flow concentration of the constituent considered as pollutant from the soil surface to the water table. For pollutants we considered in our simulations, urea and NPK 46% mainly used in the Niayes area. The amounts of fertilizer considered in the simulations are those recommended by the Regional Agriculture Center of Thi