[ Appui à l'entrepreneuriat des jeunes diplômés au Maroc : Leçons du passé et perspectives d'avenir ]
Volume 13, Issue 4, December 2015, Pages 742–755
Laila El Ouarat1 and Moha Arouch2
1 Laboratoire « Ingénieur, Management et Innovation », Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan 1er, Settat, Maroc
2 Laboratory Engineering, Industrial Management and Innovation (LIMII), University of Hassan I, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Settat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Two great public programs supporting entrepreneurship by young graduates have been conducted over the last twenty five years in Morocco. This was the program « Credit Young Promoters » and the Programme « Moukawalati ».
However, a review of these two major programs shows very low results. The explanation is related to some inherent weaknesses and to some extrinsic issues.
Following this review, we were able to develop some reflections that may help to overcome the mistakes made and consider the unknown angles. These reflections are based on the passage from a pushed flow strategy of entrepreneurial act to a pull flow strategy, from a short-term vision to a long-term one, from an endogenous approach to an exogenous one, from a "Project" approach to a "Person" approach and from an ad hoc training to lifelong learning.
The goal is not to reduce the entrepreneurial into a simple workaround for the problem of unemployment, to adopt a clear and consistent vision over the long term, and to create a strong entrepreneurial chain where different stakeholders are actually and permanently engaged.
Author Keywords: Supporting young entrepreneurs, Credit Young Promoters, Moukawalati, entrepreneurial chain, exogenous approach, Person approach, lifelong learning.
Volume 13, Issue 4, December 2015, Pages 742–755
Laila El Ouarat1 and Moha Arouch2
1 Laboratoire « Ingénieur, Management et Innovation », Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan 1er, Settat, Maroc
2 Laboratory Engineering, Industrial Management and Innovation (LIMII), University of Hassan I, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Settat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Two great public programs supporting entrepreneurship by young graduates have been conducted over the last twenty five years in Morocco. This was the program « Credit Young Promoters » and the Programme « Moukawalati ».
However, a review of these two major programs shows very low results. The explanation is related to some inherent weaknesses and to some extrinsic issues.
Following this review, we were able to develop some reflections that may help to overcome the mistakes made and consider the unknown angles. These reflections are based on the passage from a pushed flow strategy of entrepreneurial act to a pull flow strategy, from a short-term vision to a long-term one, from an endogenous approach to an exogenous one, from a "Project" approach to a "Person" approach and from an ad hoc training to lifelong learning.
The goal is not to reduce the entrepreneurial into a simple workaround for the problem of unemployment, to adopt a clear and consistent vision over the long term, and to create a strong entrepreneurial chain where different stakeholders are actually and permanently engaged.
Author Keywords: Supporting young entrepreneurs, Credit Young Promoters, Moukawalati, entrepreneurial chain, exogenous approach, Person approach, lifelong learning.
Abstract: (french)
Deux grands programmes publics d'appui à la création d'entreprises par les jeunes diplômés ont été menés au cours des vingt cinq dernières années au Maroc. Il s'agit du programme Crédit Jeunes Promoteurs et du programme Moukawalati.
Toutefois, une revue de ces deux grands programmes démontre des résultats très faibles. L'explication se trouve au niveau de failles intrinsèques à ces programmes ainsi qu'au niveau de problématiques extrinsèques.
Suite à cette revue, nous avons pu développer quelques réflexions pouvant permettre de dépasser les erreurs commises et de considérer les angles ignorés. Ces réflexions concernent le passage d'une stratégie de flux poussé de l'acte entrepreneuriale à une stratégie de flux tiré, d'une vision court-termiste à une vision à long terme, d'une approche endogène à une approche exogène, d'une approche « Projet » à une approche « Personne », et d'une formation ponctuelle à un apprentissage permanent. Le but étant de ne plus réduire l'entrepreneuriat en un simple palliatif au chômage, d'adopter une vision claire et homogène sur le long terme, de créer une chaîne entrepreneuriale forte où les différents parties prenantes sont réellement et durablement engagées.
Author Keywords: Appui aux jeunes entrepreneurs, Crédit Jeunes Promoteurs, programme Moukawalati, chaine entrepreneuriale, approche exogène, approche Personne, apprentissage permanent.
How to Cite this Article
Laila El Ouarat and Moha Arouch, “Supporting entrepreneurship for young graduates in Morocco: Lessons from the past and prospects for future,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 742–755, December 2015.
