Volume 29, Issue 3, June 2020, Pages 383–395
NDABEREYE NZITA M’MUGAMBI Paulin1, ASSANI NYANDWE2, and WANGUNDA KASOME3
1 Professeur, Université de Lubumbashi, RD Congo
2 Assistant, Université de Kindu, RD Congo
3 Assistant, Université Officiel de Bukavu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Integration is the act of bringing elements together to form a homogenous whole. Brexit is breaking this concept of integration. The construction of Europe, which began in the 1950s, has blotted out the seeds of warmongering nationalism in the Old Continent. Europhobia fuelled by immigration, the political upheavals in Africa and the Middle East, the economic crisis and growing hyper-terrorism are all structural as well as cyclical factors in the implosion of the EU. After the British vote on the "Leave", exit agreements were formalised between the EU and the United Kingdom, the act of which has geopolitical, geo-economic, geo-strategic and geocultural consequences for both the European Union and Great Britain and for Africa, as well as for US-EU relations. It should be noted that the EU will lose one of its two permanent member states in the UN Security Council. The Brexit is an element that affirms the idea that the sovereignty and national interest of states take precedence over anything else in international life. Brexit has exposed the failure of the European integration process as a model school. In this way, it has exposed the limitations that integration organisations would suffer from leaving the phase of economic and monetary union to political union.
Author Keywords: European Union, Brexit, Integration, Fragmentation, Nationalism.
NDABEREYE NZITA M’MUGAMBI Paulin1, ASSANI NYANDWE2, and WANGUNDA KASOME3
1 Professeur, Université de Lubumbashi, RD Congo
2 Assistant, Université de Kindu, RD Congo
3 Assistant, Université Officiel de Bukavu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Integration is the act of bringing elements together to form a homogenous whole. Brexit is breaking this concept of integration. The construction of Europe, which began in the 1950s, has blotted out the seeds of warmongering nationalism in the Old Continent. Europhobia fuelled by immigration, the political upheavals in Africa and the Middle East, the economic crisis and growing hyper-terrorism are all structural as well as cyclical factors in the implosion of the EU. After the British vote on the "Leave", exit agreements were formalised between the EU and the United Kingdom, the act of which has geopolitical, geo-economic, geo-strategic and geocultural consequences for both the European Union and Great Britain and for Africa, as well as for US-EU relations. It should be noted that the EU will lose one of its two permanent member states in the UN Security Council. The Brexit is an element that affirms the idea that the sovereignty and national interest of states take precedence over anything else in international life. Brexit has exposed the failure of the European integration process as a model school. In this way, it has exposed the limitations that integration organisations would suffer from leaving the phase of economic and monetary union to political union.
Author Keywords: European Union, Brexit, Integration, Fragmentation, Nationalism.
Abstract: (french)
L'intégration est un acte de rassembler des éléments pour former un tout homogène. Le Brexit vient battre en brèche cette conception de l'intégration. La construction européenne, amorcée depuis les années 50, a estompé les germes bellicistes des nationalismes dans le vieux continent. L'Europhobie nourrie par l'immigration, les bouleversements politiques en Afrique et au Moyen-Orient, la crise économique et l'hyperterrorisme croissants sont autant des facteurs tant structurels que conjoncturels de l'implosion de l'UE. Après le vote des britanniques du "Leave", les accords de sortie ont été formalisés entre l'UE et le Royaume-Uni dont l'acte présente des conséquences géopolitiques, géoéconomiques, géostratégiques, géoculturelles tant pour l'Union Européenne et la Grande-Bretagne que pour l'Afrique, et les relations USA-UE. Notons que l'UE va perdre l'un de ses deux États membres permanents au Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU. Le Brexit est un élément qui vient affirmer l'idée selon laquelle la souveraineté et l'intérêt national des États priment avant toute chose dans la vie internationale. Le Brexit a mis à nu l'échec du processus d'intégration européenne considérée comme un modèle d'école. Ainsi il étale les limites dont souffriraient les organisations d'intégration à quitter la phase d'une union économique-monétaire à l'Union politique.
Author Keywords: Union européenne, Brexit, intégration, fragmentation, nationalisme.
How to Cite this Article
NDABEREYE NZITA M’MUGAMBI Paulin, ASSANI NYANDWE, and WANGUNDA KASOME, “LES DEFIS DU RETRAIT DU ROYAUME-UNI DE L’UNION EUROPEENNE,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 383–395, June 2020.
