[ Etude de la variabilité génétique de 19 accessions de voandzou « Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt » de l’extrême et du centre Est du Niger ]
Volume 38, Issue 3, January 2023, Pages 682–694
Abdou Zakary Yaou Ibrahim1, Alhassane Agali2, Idi Saidou Sani3, and Harouna Issa Amadou4
1 Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBioS), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 10662 Ny, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niger
2 Département Information et Recherche, Centre AGRHYMET CCR/AOS, BP 11011 Niamey, Niger
3 Département de la Production Végétale et Biodiversité, Université de Diffa, Niger
4 Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBioS), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 10662 Ny, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.), a crop of the new millennium, is considered one of the main legumes of the tropics, because of it versatile advantages. The main objective of this study is to estimate the variation of local Bambara groundnut accessions by taking into account their 21 quantitative characters, in order to find the best genotype adapted to Niger. The study was carried out according to a completely randomized Fisher block device with four repetitions. Twenty-one (21) characters including four (4) phenological, five (5) morphological and twelve (12) related to yield were evaluated to characterize the accessions. With the 21 characters of the accessions used, the variation of the genetic parameters was determined. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the traits assessed (P≤0.01). The coefficients of variation vary from 0.57% to 32.11%. Six (6) of the twenty-one (21) parameters measured had high coefficients of variation (CV˃20%). Yield showed a strong positive correlation with parameters such as number of leaves (r=0.62), number of pods (r=0.68), number of petioles per plant (r=0.62), 100-seed weight (r=0.79), pod weight (r=0.97) and seed weight (r=0.97). The weight of seeds (GCV=23.40% and PCV=42.54%), the weight of 100 seeds (GCV=25.73% and PCV=25.75%) and the yield in Kg/ha (GCV= 23.40% and PCV=42.54%) revealed high phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (˃20%). Maturity date (91.28%) and 100-seed weight (96.85%) were highly heritable. Genetic advance was high for 100-seed weight (52.96%), dry biomass weight (34.19%), seed width (20.55%), seed weight (26.52%) and the yield in Kg/ha (26.53%). The 100-seed weight (h2b=96.85% and GA=52.97%) had high broad-sense heritability and expected genetic gain. The constructed dendrogram showed three distinct groups of accessions. Group 1 is made up of promising accessions with the highest average seed weight per plant (13.24g), small plants (20±0.86 cm) and early plants (82±0.86 DAS). Group 2 includes late accessions (83±0.30 DAS) with average height (21±0.35 cm). Group 3 is composed of intermediate accessions for the maturity date (82±0.66 cm) with the highest seedlings (22±0.22 cm). Accessions Di-3 082 (899.73 kg/ha), Di 083 (857.89 kg/ha), Di 085 (566.53 kg/ha), Zi 087 (818.22 kg/ha), Zi 092 (584.27 kg /ha), Zi 094 (720.22kg/ha) and Zi 098 (616.00kg/ha) gave yields higher than the average total yield (560.20 kg/ha).
Author Keywords: Bambara groundnut, Sahelian zone, diversity, genotypic, phenotypic, Niger.
Volume 38, Issue 3, January 2023, Pages 682–694
Abdou Zakary Yaou Ibrahim1, Alhassane Agali2, Idi Saidou Sani3, and Harouna Issa Amadou4
1 Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBioS), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 10662 Ny, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niger
2 Département Information et Recherche, Centre AGRHYMET CCR/AOS, BP 11011 Niamey, Niger
3 Département de la Production Végétale et Biodiversité, Université de Diffa, Niger
4 Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel (GeVaBioS), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 10662 Ny, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.), a crop of the new millennium, is considered one of the main legumes of the tropics, because of it versatile advantages. The main objective of this study is to estimate the variation of local Bambara groundnut accessions by taking into account their 21 quantitative characters, in order to find the best genotype adapted to Niger. The study was carried out according to a completely randomized Fisher block device with four repetitions. Twenty-one (21) characters including four (4) phenological, five (5) morphological and twelve (12) related to yield were evaluated to characterize the accessions. With the 21 characters of the accessions used, the variation of the genetic parameters was determined. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the traits assessed (P≤0.01). The coefficients of variation vary from 0.57% to 32.11%. Six (6) of the twenty-one (21) parameters measured had high coefficients of variation (CV˃20%). Yield showed a strong positive correlation with parameters such as number of leaves (r=0.62), number of pods (r=0.68), number of petioles per plant (r=0.62), 100-seed weight (r=0.79), pod weight (r=0.97) and seed weight (r=0.97). The weight of seeds (GCV=23.40% and PCV=42.54%), the weight of 100 seeds (GCV=25.73% and PCV=25.75%) and the yield in Kg/ha (GCV= 23.40% and PCV=42.54%) revealed high phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation (˃20%). Maturity date (91.28%) and 100-seed weight (96.85%) were highly heritable. Genetic advance was high for 100-seed weight (52.96%), dry biomass weight (34.19%), seed width (20.55%), seed weight (26.52%) and the yield in Kg/ha (26.53%). The 100-seed weight (h2b=96.85% and GA=52.97%) had high broad-sense heritability and expected genetic gain. The constructed dendrogram showed three distinct groups of accessions. Group 1 is made up of promising accessions with the highest average seed weight per plant (13.24g), small plants (20±0.86 cm) and early plants (82±0.86 DAS). Group 2 includes late accessions (83±0.30 DAS) with average height (21±0.35 cm). Group 3 is composed of intermediate accessions for the maturity date (82±0.66 cm) with the highest seedlings (22±0.22 cm). Accessions Di-3 082 (899.73 kg/ha), Di 083 (857.89 kg/ha), Di 085 (566.53 kg/ha), Zi 087 (818.22 kg/ha), Zi 092 (584.27 kg /ha), Zi 094 (720.22kg/ha) and Zi 098 (616.00kg/ha) gave yields higher than the average total yield (560.20 kg/ha).
Author Keywords: Bambara groundnut, Sahelian zone, diversity, genotypic, phenotypic, Niger.
Abstract: (french)
Le voandzou (Vigna subterranea [L.] Verdc.), culture du nouveau millénaire, est considéré comme une des principales légumineuses des régions tropicales, en raison de ses avantages polyvalents. Cette étude a pour objectif principale d’estimer la variation des accessions locales de l’arachide bambara en tenant compte de leurs 21 caractères quantitatifs, afin de découvrir le meilleur génotype adapté au Niger. L’étude est réalisée selon un dispositif en blocs de Fisher complètement randomisé avec quatre répétitions. Vingt-un (21) caractères dont quatre (4) phénologiques, cinq (5) morphologiques et douze (12) liés au rendement ont été évalués pour caractériser les accessions. Avec les 21 caractères des accessions utilisées, la variation des paramètres génétiques a été déterminée. L’analyse de la variance a révélée des variations significatives pour tous les caractères évalués (P≤0,01). Les coefficients de variation varient de 0,57% à 32,11%. Six (6) des vingt-un (21) paramètres mesurés ont des coefficients de variations élevés (CV˃20%). Le rendement a présenté une corrélation fortement positive avec des paramètres tels que le nombre de feuilles (r=0,62), le nombre de gousses (r=0,68), le nombre de pétioles par plante (r=0,62), le poids de 100 graines (r=0,79), le poids de gousses (r=0,97) et le poids de graines (r=0,97). Le poids de graines (GCV=23,40% et PCV=42,54%), le poids de 100 graines (GCV=25,73% et PCV=25,75%) et le rendement en Kg/ha (GCV=23,40% et PCV=42,54%) ont révélé des coefficients de variation phénotypique et génotypique élevés (˃20%). La date de maturité (91,28%) et le poids de 100 graines (96,85%) ont été hautement héréditaires. L’avance génétique a été élevée pour le poids de 100 graines (52,96%), le poids de biomasse sèche (34,19%), la largeur de la graine (20,55%), le poids de la graine (26,52%) et le rendement en Kg/ha (26,53%). Le poids de 100 graines (h2b=96,85% et GA=52,97%) a eu une héritabilité au sens large et un gain génétique attendu élevés. Le dendrogramme construit a montré trois groupes distincts d’accessions. Le groupe 1 est formé des accessions prometteuses avec le poids moyen en graines par plante le plus élevé (13,24g), de plantes de petites tailles (20±0,86 cm) et des plantes précoces (82±0,86 JAS). Le groupe 2 comporte des accessions tardives (83±0,30 JAS) avec des tailles moyennes (21±0,35 cm). Le groupe 3 est composé des accessions intermédiaires pour la date de maturité (82±0,66 cm) avec les plus hautes plantules (22±0,22 cm). Les accessions Di-3 082 (899,73kg/ha), Di 083 (857,89kg/ha), Di 085 (566,53kg/ha), Zi 087 (818,22kg/ha), Zi 092 (584,27kg/ha), Zi 094 (720,22kg/ha) et Zi 098 (616,00kg/ha) ont donné des rendements supérieurs au rendement moyen total (560,20 kg/ha).
Author Keywords: Voandzou, zone sahélienne, diversité, génotypique, phénotypique, Niger.
How to Cite this Article
Abdou Zakary Yaou Ibrahim, Alhassane Agali, Idi Saidou Sani, and Harouna Issa Amadou, “Study of Genetic Variability of 19 Accessions of Bambara Groundnut « Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt » from the Far and Central East of Niger,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 682–694, January 2023.
