The variations in rainfall patterns observed in recent years in the north-western part of Guinea are well prefecture of Siguiri in Upper Guinea. In order to understand the trends in rainfall and hydrometric variations, we used the Standardized Precipitation Indices (SPI) method. The remote sensing method applied reflects human causes in the transformation of environmental environments (water, forests, soils, habitats, crops). The results obtained show that rainfall over the period 1981-2020 is marked by periods of deficit (drought) between 1981-1993; 1998-2002 and 2013-2020, while wet periods (surplus) occur between 1994-1997 and 2003-2012. Fluctuations in annual flow modules can be explained by a surplus period from 1980 to 2000 and a deficit period from 2001 to 2019. The statistics drawn from the land-use maps for 2000, 2010 and 2021 highlight the spatial and temporal dynamics of each thematic class. From 2000 to 2021, the Water/Wetlands (+22.55%) and gallery forests (+23.92%) classes show increases, while the Bare Soil/Cultivated Land (-20.08%), Wooded Savannah (-4.55%) and Savannah-Crop Mosaic (-21.85%) classes show decreases. Temperatures between 1981 and 2022 in the Siguiri area varied between 25.995°C and 27.72°C, with the highest values recorded in 2010.

This study aims to assess the quality of groundwater in Grand-Lahou department in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire and to determine the origin of their mineralization. To do this, a sampling campaign conducted in september 2021 focused on twenty boreholes and nine wells. The methodology is based first on the physico-chemical characterization of these waters through elemental statistics and the determination of their chemical facies using the Piper diagram. Then the numerical index WQI method was applied. The results show that the waters are acidic with pH values ranged from 4.6 to 7.8 with an average of 5.75. Apart from iron, the parameters of the groundwater respect the WHO standards and they are fit for consumption. The groundwater has three chemical facies: the calcic and magnesian bicarbonate facies (31.03%), the sodi-potassium bicarbonate facies (17.24%) and the sodi-potassium chloride facies (51.72%). WQI results confirmed those of elementary statistics. They showed that 96.55% of waterworks belong to excellent quality class and one waterwork to good quality class. These results constitute a database for the management of the department’s groundwater resources.

The Rainfall-related phenomena affect the hydroelectric dams functioning and productivity. In Côte d'Ivoire the trans boundary Bia River basin, hydroelectric amenagements of Ayamé 1 and 2, is no exception. Flooding has caused extensive damage in recent years to these two (2) amenagements. However, the rains nature that caused these events is statistically unknown. This study objective is to identify the rainfall events nature in the Bia basin. The statistical modelling approach has been adopted. The daily rainfall from 1941 to 2000 and rainfall higher threshold than 100 mm from 2001 to 2015 available at the Aboisso, Adiaké, Bianouan, Ayamé and Agnibilékro stations has been used.The results show that the minimum threshold for abnormal rainfall in the Bia basin is 103 mm. The rains nature identification between 2001 and 2015 reveals, eight (08) rainfall events with an occurrence probability greater than 6 years are observed. These events are consisted of four (4) abnormal rains, three (03) very abnormal rains and one (1) exceptional rainfall observed during the years 2004, 2007, 2009 and 2015.

Extreme flow events have had a significant impact on populations and their activities in recent decades. To reduce the impacts associated with their advent a analysis between extreme hydrological phenomena and climate variability is necessary. However, qualitative data accessing difficulties and explanatory variable definition of extremes hydrological phenomena limit extreme flows rate studies. This study proposes the analysis the variability of the floods and the low flows at the Bianouan hydrometric station. Thus, five (5) floods characteristics variables (QCX5, QXJA, F90p, F95p and F99p) and three (3) for, the low flows (VCN10, QJNA and F10p) were extracted daily flows from the Bianouan hydrometric station from 1 January1962 to 31 December 2005. The variability of these extremes has been studied by the trend analysis (linear regression) and of the stationarity (Pettitt and Hubert tests). The results show that for flood variables the negative trend is very significant and ruptures are observed in 1980. For low flow variables the negative trend is significant and the ruptures are observed in 1981. From this study, we can deduce that the ruptures observed in the rains and flows average in the end 1960s and early 1970s have affected later the extreme flows around the 1980s.