A study was carried out on 632 consenting donors at the National Blood Transfusion Centre (CNTS) of the Regional Hospital of Korhogo Northern in Côte d'Ivoire to contribute to a better supply of human blood to health facilities through knowledge of the genetic frequencies of the ABO and Rhesus systems. Individual donor interviews were used to collect socio-cultural data, and the Beth-Vincent blood test and the Simonin serum test were used to perform manual blood grouping. The research showed that there are more men (92.25 %) than women (7.57 %), with approximately 1 woman for every 12 men. The average age of the donors was 33 years. The Gour ethnic group was the most common (61.06 %), followed by the Mandé (26.36 %). The phenotypic frequencies [O], [B], [A], and [AB] of the ABO system were observed in proportions of 46.52 %, 28.80 %, 19.62 %, and 5.06 %, respectively. The Rh (D) factor was 92.72 % for [Rh (D) +] and 07.28 % for [Rh (D) -] respectively. Sociological factors had no effect on the distribution of blood groups. The O allele is the most common (0.682) in this population, followed by the B and A alleles, which have frequencies of 0.186 and 0.132, respectively. The Rh (D) + allele predominated, with a frequency of 0.74 compared to 0.26 for the Rh (d) allele. According to the Hardy-Weinberg law, these various genetic structures are in panmictic equilibrium.