A total of 62 Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) outbreaks in sheep and goat flocks were investigated in Pakistan during 2005-2007. The presence of PPR virus (PPRV) was confirmed by clinical picture, necropsy examination, Ic-ELISA, virus isolation and RT-PCR. Of 397 tissue samples, 65% tested positive by Ic-ELISA. Six PPR virus isolates were obtained through cell culture on VERO or GKC cell from 61Ic-ELISA positive samples identified by characteristic CPEs and confirmed by testing the cell culture supernatant by Ic-ELISA and RT-PCR using PPRV specific F gene based primers. The sequence data of F gene from 6 isolates was analyzed for identities and a phylogenetic tree was generated based on 372bp F gene sequences of PPRV. The isolates were clustered into lineage 4 along with other Asian isolates. The recent isolates and a previous isolate from Pakistan (PAK-2004) were found to be monophyletic having close relationship with an Indian isolate (IND-PON).

A very important disease of younger age that usually appears and leads to death of neonate in case of improper diagnosis and treatment is Neonatal calf diarrhea. Disease has its own economic importance as livestock has a major role in gross domestic production (GDP) of Pakistan. A trail was conducted to check chemo-prophylactic effects of different anti-diarrheal drugs. Thirty neonates were selected and divided into six equal groups treated respectively with Colimune Ora, Cosumix Plus, Streptomegma, NMK Powder and Biovet by keeping last group as control. Blood sample were collected to check any untoward change in blood just after birth, on 3rd and 28th day of experiment. Mixed results were found in hematology on 28th day with overall increasing pattern in Total leukocyte count (TLC) and Packed cell volume (PCV). IN contras Total erythrocyte count (TEC) shows increase of 16.57%, 96% and 93.47% respectively in case of Colimune Ora, NMK and Cosumix Plus whereas decrease in case of Streptomegma and Bio Vet up-to 5.06%. Mixed results concerning DLC, serum sodium and potassium level were witnessed. Inclusively there was no annoying change was noticed with increase in (TLC) eventually providing protection to animal to avoid the disease. Henceforward use of above listed drugs prophylactically especially Cosumix Plus, strongly suggested against neonatal calf diarrhea to lessen the mortality due to neonatal calf diarrhea.