The freedom of expression and of the press won in the early 1990s with the return of democratization in Africa is still under threat in some countries on the continent. In Togo, where democracy is under construction, it is going through moments of calm and tension despite the decriminalization of press offenses known in the country since 2004. What are the fundamental reasons for the conflicting relations between political power and the private media in Togo? This is the main question posed by this study. To answer this questioning, the reflections are screened through the documentary inventory and the qualitative method, the aim of which is to explain the causes of the difficult relations between the actors in conflict. In terms of results, it appears that the misunderstandings arising from the application to the media and journalists found guilty of press offenses of the sanctions regime recently introduced into the new legal arsenal justify the frustrations of the media. The study also reveals the lack of professionalism of the media in the treatment of information and the systematic violation of the rules of ethics and deontology of the media as causes of the muzzling of the press in Togo.