This article provides a framework for synthesis of the productivity and the competitiveness of Tunisian mining industry which highlights the significant contribution of the Tunisian mining Firm to national economy, being a natural monopoly, which differed remarkably according to key indicators such as using a study for a period between (1999-2012): its Corporate Social responsibility CSR and mine environment protection, their accumulation of human capital, the international Joint-venture (J-V) alliance and their investment. The analyzes on this study period shows two major economic shocks, such as hydrocarbon in June 2007, affecting the production chain of this mining citizen Firm who's most serious in 2011, dates from the revolution. In addition, the Firm was able to overcome the challenges of this date and found an agreement with the social demands of the citizens in the mining Basin and will come to recovery at the average rate of production from 2012 to our days.