In the context of climate emergency and biodiversity loss due mainly to agriculture, this study aims to characterize the forest ecosystems of the Kara basin agropolis and a 10 km buffer zone. The methodology is based on two approaches: land cover mapping using Landsat satellite images and a detailed description of forest ecosystems, focusing on the floristic composition of woody species to assess their conservation, structure and ecological functioning. This characterization was carried out through 56 20 mx 20 m inventory surveys, where all species presents were counted and woody individuals with a DBH ≥ 10 cm measured. The results show that 67% of the area consists of cultivated and fallow land, with a higher proportion in the agropole (72%) than in the buffer zone (63%). Forests account for 13% in the agropole and 21% in the buffer zone. The floristic survey identified 105 woody species in 79 genera and 31 families, with a higher average diversity in the agropole (H’ = 2.69) than in the buffer zone (H’ = 2.13). Four species are on the IUCN Red List. Although tree density is lower in the agropole (97.2 trees/ha) than in the buffer zone (119.08 trees/ha), basal area is greater in the buffer zone (32.30 m2/ha) than in the agropole (29.86 m2/ha), indicating an annual pressure on tree species.

The Haute Dodo Agroforest has experienced a significant reduction in forest cover over the decades. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of forest cover from 1986 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2050 for the land cover of the Haute Dodo Agro-forest. The methodological approach used is based on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and prospective scenarios built using Land Change Modeler. The results show that crop-fallow and bare soil-habitat mosaics increase significantly, while wetlands and dense forests decrease significantly. The increase in bare soil-habitat mosaics and crop-fallow mosaics demonstrates the dominant role of human activities in land use dynamics. By 2050, the «Business As Usual» scenario shows a 6.82% decrease in dense forests, while the «Rapid Economic Growth» scenario shows an 8.41% decrease in dense forests. The «environmental sustainability coordinated» scenario, on the other hand, shows an 18.49% increase in the area of dense forest. These decision-support tools are relevant elements in the implementation of a policy aimed at reversing deforestation trends.