Students’ performance in the area of mathematics is a topic of concern in the whole word, with several reports documenting the need of effective instruction to boost students’ achievement. However, what type of math instruction will most effectively raise students’ achievement remains a matter of debate. Problem-based learning is a promising methodology for engaging and motivating students’ learning while increasing their math concepts and skills. Problem solving is central to mathematics. Problem solving should be the site in which all of the strands of mathematics proficiency converge. It should provide opportunities for students to weave together the strands of proficiency and for teachers to assess students’ performance on all of the strands. Problem solving approach guides students through complex problems and it must remain part of day-to-day instruction because solving problems is central to doing and learning mathematics. We have provided and discussed effective teaching and learning methods from the literature as well as making suggestions and recommendations to use problem-solving methods during instruction in the classroom.