Laboratoire de Géomatique Appliquée et Environnemétrie, École Régionale Post Universitaire d’Aménagement et de Gestion Intégrés des Forêts et Territoires Tropicaux, Kinshasa, RD Congo
The mangrove marine park (MCP), like any ecosystem under threat of anthropogenic pressures, needs to be monitored in order to guide its governance strategy. In this paper, we present the preliminary results of the potential of satellite images Sentinel2, optical and Sentinel1, radar, for the mapping of PMM. In general, the use of satellite imagery is justified notably by the potential it offers to carry out multiple studies (multi-scale and multi-temporal) as well as by the difficulties of access to the site which is essentially marine, and therefore Difficult to access by land. In particular, the use of radar is justified by the limitation of optical imagery which is inoperative under cloudy skies while PMM is during long weeks of the cloudy year. To perform this work, we used a Sentinel2 scene of June 18, 2016 and a Sentinel1 scene of May 21, 2016. We used an object-oriented classification, after photo-interpretation of the scene extracts. The results show that S1 can detect savannah, high mangrove, low mangrove, inhabited areas, (large) buildings and water with satisfactory accuracy. Like S1, S2 can detect savannah, high mangrove, low mangrove, inhabited areas, water, (large) buildings in addition to bare soil. These results highlight the potential of scenes S1 and S2 for the mapping of coastal zones in the tropical context. S1 thus makes it possible to detect the same objects as S2, with the exception of the bare ground. This is an important asset for monitoring this ecosystem because it is free from the clouds that cover the area of many weeks during the year and limits its monitoring by optical imaging. In terms of prospects, we consider the detection of oil slicks using S1 images and the use of images with better spatial resolution (Pleiades, SPOT6 and 7) in order to assess the importance of anthropogenic activities Within the PMM (encampments, carbonization ...).