N’Dia Kouadio Frédéric1, Kouame Djè Kouamé Wenceslas2, Diby Yao Bernard3, Kouakou Kouakou Léandre4, and Yapo Angoué Paul5
1 Nangui ABROGOUA University, Nature Sciences Training and Research Unit, Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, PO Box 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
2 Université Polytechnique de Man, Unité de Formation et de Recherche-Ingénierie, Agronomique, Forestière et Environnementale (UFR-IAFE), BP 20 Man, Côte d’Ivoire
3 Jean Lorougnon GUEDE University, Training and Research Unit of Agroforestory, Laboratory of Agrovalorisation, PO Box 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire
4 Nangui ABROGOUA University, Nature Sciences Training and Research Unit, Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, PO Box 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
5 Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia - Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
Original language: English
Copyright © 2025 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Malacantha alnifolia (Sapotaceae) is a perennial plant found in the tropical rainforests of West Africa. In Côte d’Ivoire, this species usually used rheumatism and diarrhea children treatment. This study evaluated anti-arthritic effect of hydroethanol extract of Malacantha alnifolia (HEMa) at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bw in rats. HEMa is prepared by cold maceration of 100 g of M. alnifolia trunk bark powder in one liter of a 30% water/70% ethanol mixture for 24 h. Thirty-six albino Rattus norvegicus rats (130-185 g), aged 8 to 16 weeks, were divided into 6 batches of 6 rats each and treated daily during 10 days. Healthy and arthritic rats control received NaCl 9 ‰ (10 mL/kg bw) by gavage, those from batches 2, 3 and 4 received HEMa at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg bw, respectively. Positive control rats received methotrexate at 0.75 mg/kg bw by gavage. Non-immunological arthritic model induced by injection of 0.1 mL 2.5% formaldehyde was used. Arthritic was assessed throught paw and knee edema, arthritic index scores, sedimentation rate, and inflammation-related hematological and biochemical parameters. Percentages inhibition of these parameters were calculated for each treated group of rats compared to the control group with arthritis. Edema established for 3 days by formaldehyde was significantly reduced by HEMa at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg bw with reductions in paw thickness ranging from 23.18 to 28, respectively. 89% and 25.60 to 31.34% compared to paw thickness of arthritic control rats. Hydroethanolic extract of Malacantha alnifolia has remarkable anti-arthritic properties similar to that of methotrexate.
Author Keywords: Malacantha alnifolia, anti-arthritic, formaldehyde, rat.
