An entomological survey based on the inventory of the Culicidae fauna in the town of Maroua, identified three genera and five species of mosquitoes in 2010. Of a total of 3915 mosquitoes have reached adulthood by breeding laboratory, the following species were identified: Anopheles gambiae (03.70%), Anopheles funestus (0.66%), Culex quinquefasciatus (53.33%), Culex tigripes (09.45%) and Aedes aegypti (32.84%). The seasonal distribution of larvae collected provides 83.06% to the rainy season and 16.94% in the dry season. Of the ten (10) breeding explored the Pont-Vert neighborhood is the most successful in the quality and quantity of larvae (20.53%). Meanwhile, 4700 adult mosquitoes were captured in 14 neighborhoods in the city of Maroua. However, only three genera and four species of mosquitoes were identified after capture. These are: Anopheles funestus (3.38%), Anopheles gambiae (14.91%), Aedes aegypti (23.08%) and Culex quinquefasciatus (58.6%). Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito species is the largest and most widespread in the city of Maroua. The months of October and September are the most successful in capturing adult mosquitoes.