The knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics of Inaouene surface water constitutes a means of investigation for the assessment of the risks of pollution and the contamination status of these surface waters. The study initially focused on the physicochemical bacteriological study and the content of some heavy metals in the River waters. The first results revealed relatively high levels in nutrients, DCO, BOD5, calcium and magnesium. The content Cu, Cr and Pb is superior than relative standards, which would be due to the craft activities of the city of Taza as well as to the domestic liquid discharges on this city. The bacteriological investigation revealed a large concentration of these waters in coliforms and faecal streptococci. This allowed concluding that the quality of the Inaouene surface waters is much degraded.