Congolese agriculture is still largely extensive, characterized by low yields. For maize, the yields obtained in rural areas are about 10 times less than the potential of the culture; low soil fertility levels coupled with the use of non-performance equipment are the major causes. This test was installed following a split plot design to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilization on the behavior of two varieties of maize (UNILU and Katanga). The main plots included two varieties of maize and secondary plots, the different levels of mineral fertilizers (N0 = 0kg, N1 = 30kg, 60kg = N2, N3 = 90kg, 120kg = N4, N5 = 150kg, N6 = 180kg, N7 = 210 kg urea per hectare). The results show similarities between the two varieties and significant differences were obtained with N rates on flowering insertion height, to flowering days and maize yield. However, the analysis of variance indicates that the different nitrogen inputs did not influence maize emergence and its lodging resistance. However, the high rates of nitrogen have led early onset of inflorescences and allowed obtaining large plants. The dose N4 has a higher acceptability index compared to other doses it would be most advisable.

While meat becomes a luxury food for the poor people, legumes including soya bean, can constitute an alternative. Unfortunately, on highly weathered soils of Lubumbashi, the performance of this crop remains far below the potential. The effects of compost of Tithonia diversifolia on growth and yield of soybean were studied during the 2013-2014 cropping season on degraded soil Lubumbashi (DR Congo). Under a basic fertilizer, six levels of compost of T. diversifolia (0, 7.5T, 15T; 22,5T; 30T; 37,5T ha) were applied as treatments in a completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The observations were focused on vegetative parameters and the yield of the crop. Similar behavior of soya bean plants was observed, regardless of the dose of compost made. Under the supply of mineral fertilizers, the supply of composts to soybeans mustn't be recommended given the low-income of farmers and the availability of composts.

Banana is exposed to many problems including excessive soil salinity and irrigation waters that decrease productivity. This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of salinity on the behavior of banana and diversity of fungi in the soil. The trial was installed under greenhouse craft following a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Two banana cultivars (Pelipita ABB and Plantain) were subjected to increasing doses of NaCl (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g/ l). The behavior of cultivars, Na and K accumulation in the leaves and the color diversity of fungi were studied. The results obtained show a similar behavior between the two cultivars of banana on the observed parameters, except the leaf area in 15 days, which is high on the cultivar 1. High levels of NaCl decrease leaf area. Significant differences were observed with a high accumulation of Na with T1 and T2 and a high accumulation of K in T5 and T7. Finally the treatments that received low doses of salt have found a high diversity of fungi colors. These results show that the selection of tolerant cultivars is an inexpensive option to increase banana yield on saline soils, in a context where some poor farming practices such as irrigation and mineral fertilization lead to salinization.