The study was carried out as part of the sustainable increase in plantain production and as part of the strategy to contribute to achieving food security. In banana growing, the use of successive suckers for the next growing cycles without any measure of sanitation of the planting material contributes to the increase of nematodes in plantation. this study objective is to manage nematode populations through cultural practices. The CORNE 1 variety was planted at high density (2,500 plants / ha) in a device involving four treatments: two cycles without endomycorrhizae application, two cycles with endomycorrhizae application, annual replanting with endomycorrhizae application, annual replanting without endomycorrhizae application. Replanting took place 0.8 m from the fruiting stand of the previous growing season. The trial lasted three growing seasons. Nematode infestations are concentrated (80 %) within a radius of 50 cm around the fruiting foot. In addition, the lowest infestations of nematodes were observed with annual replanting with or without endomycorrhizae. This resulted in yields which remained high (P<0.05; Fisher test) in the second (35 t/ha) and third growing season (33 t/ha) and which were statistically comparable to that obtained at the first season (35 t/ha). In continuous cultivation, on the contrary, reductions in yields of 41.4 % and 63.5 % were recorded respectively in the second and third growing seasons. The use of vivoplants in annual replanting with endomychores offers the possibility of cultivating organic plantain without using nematicides.
The terrestrial Gastropod Molluscs of the National Center of Floristic (NCF) were studied in this work through their relative abundance, their frequency of occurrence as well as their density of population. To do this, quadras were delineated on the different parcels of the NCF and a stratified sampling was applied. Two sampling methods, namely the direct collection method and the litter sampling method, were used for the collection of specimens. The individuals collected were identified and counted. A total of 4,216 specimens of terrestrial Gastropod Molluscs were collected. Achatinidae and Subulinidae are numerically the most abundant with 54.06% and 42.08% respectively of the molluscs harvested. Only species of the family Achatinidae have a frequency of occurrence greater than 50% so can be considered constant. In terms of stand density, it is very high for micro-species and low for Achatinidae (large species). Achatinidae are mostly found in the arboretum while micro-species are mainly concentrated in fallow. In addition, NCF molluscs are characterized by either high abundance or regular distribution. In addition, of the three microhabitats used, the habitat who includes the soil surface, below the litter, on the litter and under the trunks of trees lying on the ground is the most inhabited by the molluscs of the NCF.
The diet of Cymbium glans, was studied from January 2016 to January 2018. This study was made from the stomach collected monthly on the gastropod from the industrial and artisanal marine fisheries of the EEZ. All the stomach contained prey. The vacancy coefficient (Cv) is zero. The methods of corrected occurrence frequency, numerical frequency and specific abundance were used to analyze the importance of different prey. The analyzes indicate that the Cymbium glans feeds on phytoplankton mainly diatoms (38, 2%). Zooplankton (crustacean) occupies 4%. The proportion of zooplankton increases with the size of the individual. In addition, the diet does not change, according to the marine seasons, nor according to the size of the individuals landed.
The work involved two species of edible snails (Achatina achatina and Archachatina ventricosa) and consisted in presenting the live weights and lengths of shells of the specimens collected in the Banco National Park, to look for the stages of growth and development and to draw conclusions about the protection of these species in their natural habitat. The results obtained showed that the individuals sampled are generally young and mature, and therefore capable of reproduction. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the poaching of these snails and to think of new production strategies, notably the purchase of achatiniculture.
The characterization of the fungal flora of the breeding litter Achatina fulica and different incubation substrates (coconut husks, cotton wool, sawdust, planting soil, virgin forest soil) of the eggs revealed the presence cosmopolitan fungi such as Aspergillus Niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Mucor sp., Penicillium decumbens, Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Note however that fusaria are only present on the breeding litter the giant African snail. The percentage of occurrence of fungi varies from one substrate to another. Aspergillus Niger remains the only fungus present on all substrates and Penicillium decumbens only on the planting soil. Similarly, the characterization of the potential of each of toxigenic strains performed through the identification technique by HPLC was able to detect and quantify ochratoxin A and aflatoxin G2, G1, B1 at most samples (eggs + fungus ) except that consisting of eggs + Fusarium solani or no mycotoxins were detected. Ochratoxin A detected in samples containing Aspergillus Niger, Oxysporum Fusarium, Mucor sp. and Penicillium sp. is present in very small quantities in the set. The aflatoxin B2 is absent in all samples.
The study of the reproduction of Sepia officinalis of the exclusive economic zone of Ivory Coast was made between July 2014 and December 2015 on a total of 756 specimens (399 females and 357 males), dorsal length of coat ranging between 10 and 29,5 cm. The monthly followed parameters of reproduction were the gonado-somatic ratio (RGS), the sex-ratio, the fecundity and the ovocyte diameter. The results obtained reveal that this species reproduces all the year with a strong rate of reproduction in cold season. The total sex-ratio in general shows a predominance of the females compared to the males (1:1,12; ?
Two hundred and twenty-five snails Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1720), of approximately three days old, were subjected to two diets made up of green fodder (R1 and R2) and three concentrated floured diets (R3, R4 and R5) with variable contents of proteins [10,5% (R3);14% (R4) and 17,5% (R5) ], during 50 weeks in breeding.This work aims at studying the effect of the diet and its content of proteins on the growth of this snail, in captivity.The diet R1 consists of Lactuca sativa (Asteraceae), Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Brassica oleracea (Brassicaceae), Cecropia peltata (Moraceae), Laportea aestuans (Urticaceae) and Phaulopsis falcisepala (Acanthaceae).n addition to the sheets used for the diet R1, the diet R2, is added with sheets of Leucena leucocephala (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae), a plant relatively rich in proteins.The growth and the survivals rates of snails subjected to the concentrated floured diet rich in protein were definitely better than those subjected to the diets made up of green fodder relatively low in protein. The weight growth improved with the increase of the content of proteins of concentrated diet. Thus, the best live weight (198,62 g) is presented by snails subjected to R5 follow-up by that obtained with R4 (178,50 g). The vegetable diet R2 containing the sheets of L leucocephala caused the most mortality.The survival rate of A. fulica knew an improvement with the increase in the rate of proteins of the concentrated diets.
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