For the monitoring of spatio-temporal variations of the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) content, passive diffusive samplers have been deployed in 14 near-road and residential sites for 14 days to measure NO2. In parallel with the winter campaign to measure this tracer, road traffic counting sessions were carried out on the city's main roads.The coupling of the results of the measurement campaigns and the counting sessions under Arcgis 9.3 made it possible to determine the areas most affected by automobile pollution and to carry out a high spatial resolution mapping of the pollutant prospected.The results of this study show that atmospheric NO2 concentrations reach maximum values in the city center and decrease towards its periphery.The analysis of the epidemiological situation of the principal diseases related to air pollution in the city of Meknes during the study period (2010-2014) showed that among subjects aged 5 years and older, acute respiratory diseases occurred more in women and that the age group most affected was between 15 and 49 years, while asthma attacks were noted mainly among women aged 50 years and older. Acute respiratory illness and asthma attacks were more prevalent in the winter and fall. Among children under 5 years of age, the age group most affected by pneumonia was under 11 months of age.The use of spatialized GIS-based health indicators of these diseases, as well as the location of stationary and mobile sources of air pollution and measured NO2 levels, has made it possible to detect that residents in areas with heavy road traffic are likely to be more affected than those near areas of industrial activity. The type of habitat also contributes significantly to the development and exacerbation of the pathologies studied, especially in the districts of the old Medina.

The particulate air pollution may be natural or anthropogenic, with different shapes and diameters of particles. What allow them to reach the lung and the blood increasing not only respiratory and cardiovascular disease but also the risk of mortality. To eliminate the particulate air pollution in a city such as Meknes, the study of the air pollution distribution in the urban area seems necessary. And as the mapping is the most suitable way for a good spatial representation, we had used geostatistics, which permits the characterization of the spatial variability of any property and, its estimate turns out to be very appropriate to map the phenomenon of dispersion. The maps obtained from of two interpolation methods, the deterministic method: IDW (Inverse distance weighting) and the geostatistical technique: Kriging, show that all districts of the Meknes city suffer from a large dust with different degrees, and that particulate air pollution in Meknes is not limited to the border area of pollution sources but it is characterized by the invasion of other areas (action of prevailing winds).