Rosetta is one of the cities in Egypt Lake County, located in the west of the Nile at the mouth of the Rosetta branch of the Mediterranean, and represents one of the corners of the triangle occupied by Delta between Cairo and Damietta and Rosetta, and is one of the important Egyptian ports. Mamluk sultans were interested in the establishment of military fortifications and means of enemy control, where the Lighthouse of Al-Zahir Baybars was the most important of these fortifications, Sultan Qayet-Bey established a tower, the sources said that he visited Rosetta in 884 AH (1429 AD) for the detection of this tower. Before (1985), This castle landmarks were not clear, which is not conducive to the study of the architectural elements, Researcher was General Manager for the Rosetta effects, and Head of the Mission of the Islamic and Coptic monuments sector in the Egyptian Antiquities Authority, and supervised the excavation and restoration of the castle, and rehabilitation to be a tourist attraction, within the national project activities to restore the monuments of Rosetta in (1985). The researcher was able to place a large number of drawings and illustrations of the elements of the castle after identifying all the architectural features and determine the time periods that have passed these milestones, and if possible to identify many of the renovation work throughout the period since the thirteenth century until the nineteenth century and that during the reign of Al-Zahir Baybars, Sultan Qayet-Bey, Sultan Al-Ghouri, Ottoman era and Muhammad Ali, as well as possible access to this castle that had been established along the lines of the lighthouse of Alexandria, which was set up by the castle. Excavations began in preparation for the restoration of the castle, it has made the site depths reached three meters was largely under the groundwater level in search of the foundations of the castle and in particular the internal tower internal parts. Despite the short time that has the excavations, which did not exceed the month, but it resulted in a very significant results, where possible, follow the foundations of the castle and the study of the merits of excavations, documented and photographed, and draw a full outline of the castle in each period that passed by. Thus possible to put an end to the controversy that erupted around this castle and its history and the evolution of its military and its elements, and this has not happened before, it has also been described Citadel, which never one to be described or has studied complete a thorough study.

Ani ruins located near the border between Turkey and Armenia on the west bank of the River Akhuryan, the military position in the first place, and is - according to the topography of the region Alleha- built on an elevated area planning to take a triangle, its base in the south, It seems that the choice was deliberate according to the great defense of the city. The importance of Ani due to being a trading center on the Silk towards Anatolia, and control through a crossroads for trade caravans between Byzantium and Persia, Syria and Central Asia, as one of the Armenian cities that retains many of the buildings of the Islamic character in terms of architectural planning and architectural elements and artistic. Armenia has been affected by Islamic tradition since the income of the Muslims in the Umayyad era during the reign of Walid bin Abdul Malik, and it was the results of the stability of the Arab presence seen in the Abbasid prosperous architect, and she continued renovations and construction of many buildings and facilities operations, helping to move the architectural influences of the Abbasid and spread on throughout Armenia, where he built mosques, palaces and walls with towers, markets, hotels, khans and baths. Architectural influences Seljuk moved to groves Annie especially when Alp Arslan renew groves city private fences and gates, in (465 AH) Al-shdaddein (Kurdish) strain and purchasing (1072 m) of the city, and who they adopted the religious tolerance policy toward the city's population of Christians. The research aims to highlight the civil architectural heritage of the city of Annie, Kalqsour which include: Palace castle and palace northwest city (Sultan Galatasaray), fences and gates, which include: Duane Gate and Lion Gate (Alp Arslan), these buildings with Islamic influences, and the resolution of the controversy over real history of the groves, and to highlight the planning and architectural and artistic elements of Islamic influences that have left traces on the Seljuk architecture later. Spin research questions about the importance of civic buildings Islamic Annie city, consisting of palaces and fortifications of war, and what analytical elements and the comparison was based on them, along with Alaiwana planning emergence of inertial affected by the traditions of the Abbasid architecture, as fences and gates followed the same architectural planning and architectural elements of the walls and towers of the Abbasid Balastgamat. Hence, the researcher followed the descriptive and analytical approach to the study of buildings contained research, as well as the comparative method with buildings that went on the same layout and architectural elements and decorative.

Asir region famous for the existence of a number of architectural heritages which include the Heritage Houses, palaces and ancient castles that played a big role in immunization and the defense of the region landmarks. The Asir region, – by its identity heritage and respect of the archaeological treasures - an environment of urban heritage which features a comprehensive idea of traditional architecture, in every sense of the good solutions reflected the conditions of the local environment «climatic, geographic, social», as well as the content of design solutions in line with the the needs of the individual and the community in terms of customs and traditions. Architectural Heritage varies in Asir region between residential architecture and fortifications taken character of war in its entirety, where the lower walls built of large rocks topped by upper walls built of stone or clay, used logs to become bishop, consists of palaces and fortifications warships from several floors up to seven. One of the most fortified palaces in the Asir region palaces Abha and Khamis Mushayt and Bisha and Namas and Tanumah, and Shada Palace and dad urgent and Wadi Hishbl. Asir was the only in the Arabian Peninsula beyond the Ottoman political spectrum but which is the most dangerous in the Arabian Peninsula on the places where the Ottoman presence. The Ottomans sent a military campaign was able to triumph over Alasirien after heroic resistance valiant and besieged leadership in Reeda. And for the achievements of the Ottomans from the military success in Asir have set up a number of castles citadel as Shamsan, Daqal, Thara, She'aar and Qushla. The research aims to highlight the military architectural heritage in Asir region, which consists of fortifications in civil buildings as fortified palaces, castles and forts that were used for housing, defense and surveillance. The scientific method, which runs the research, to study the fortifications in civilian buildings, forts and castles in the region of Asir, the descriptive approach of these buildings on one side and the analytical method and comparative of defensive architectural elements inertial fortified castles and contemporary forts on the other. The paper discusses models of castles, forts and military installations architecture established during the Ottoman era, the castles and forts built by locals and local materials as stone and clay, and model form in accordance with the models prevailing fortifications in that region, and these castles built on the foundations of previous castles on the Ottoman era.

The Castle established in (1031) and occupied by the Crusaders (1099), and renewed by Mamluk Sultans Baybars (1171) and Kalawoon (1285). Castle retains many of the architectural elements dating to the Seljuks, the Crusaders and Mamluks. Seljuk buildings consisting of the eastern entrance of the inner fortress and the emergence of the church, which was a tower, the tower in the north-west along fences between them, the fence south of the entrance until the south east tower. Castle planning has consisted of two fences by six towers and composed the outer wall of the entrance, which consists of two square towers and the corridor between them, entrance leads to cruciform planning Dorqa'a on its sides two corridors around the inner fence, the interface extending on both sides of the entrance to the north and south where it ends in the north tower represents the emergence of the Church is currently in the south was offset by another tower in the position of the south tower current-east, there were four towers in the north western and south western corners and mid of the western and southern fence. Crusaders have started to expand and develop the castle; they added the outer fence and some towers. They built the church and ring the external fence and a sloping wall in the south, trench behind the southern fa