The population with low income living in Bunia suburbs has various financial needs, while he cannot reach the traditional banks services. But the microfinance institutions have this category of population as recipient. This research aims to assess the formal microfinance institutions expansion in their mission to fight against financial exclusion and poverty near the populations with low income, in Bunia suburbs. A sample survey was led in Bunia periphery. The cluster method is used to constitute a sample of 200 households. The software statistics Excel and R, are used in data processing. The results analysis indicated that the expansion of formal microfinance near the population with low income is low. It means that the category of this population lost interest in microfinances services, because of lack of microfinance institutions lobbying. The institutions of microfinance, in their mission of fighting against financial exclusion and poverty constitute a myth. Based on these results, we are recommended that microfinance institutions provide financial services to low-income people in Bunia city, and that the quest for performance should not overlook the primary objective of microfinance. And that formal microfinance institutions intensify lobbying of the low-income population, so that they can get involved and improve the accessibility of basic financial services.