Fractures among children present a quarter of all injuries and lead to frequent visits to pediatric emergencies department. The aim of this study is to report the epidemiological profile of extremity fractures among children related to home and leisure activities. Materials and methods : a retrospective study concerning patients with fractures resulting in hospitalization in the pediatric emergencies department at the Childern

Newton in his third law of motion determined that, anybody under the effect of an action, creates only one opposite reaction at the point of contact between the body and the source of the action. It is clearly that, Newton stated his third law due to the behavior of the body and the source of the action along the line of motion, although applications show that, whenever a body is in motion, there are independent forces appear spontaneously and continuously as if the body is their source to act in the all side directions perpendicular to the line of motion. In this research , we show that , anybody under the effect of an action creates a group of reactions spread out from its centre of mass to act in the all directions , and the reaction which acts in the opposite direction to the line of the action is what we call it the opposite reaction , or Newton's reaction. The effect of the other reactions can be detected clearly from the all perpendicular side directions to the line of motion as real independent forces of the action or the body's state of motion, for that we can call them the side reactions of the body. In this case the side reactions affect the body itself whenever the body is in motion to prove that, the main roles of the side reactions are to transmit the effect of the action to all parts of the body and control the path of the body to follow the line of the action.

Cassava crop yield is reduced by numerous constraints among which African root and tuber scale Stictococcus vayssierei Richard, a devastator of cassava and other crops. This scale damage causes a decrease in amount and quality of cassava tuberous roots in case of serious infestations. It is in this context that a study on influence of the population density African root and tuber scale on cassava (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) was conducted to determine the damage influence on the yields of two improved varieties and one local variety in different agro-ecological areas of Beni Territory. The objective of this study is to identify among these improved and a local varieties those can be grown in an agro ecological area where the population of african root and tuber scale has no harmful influence on tuberous root yields. To achieve this objective, we verified the hypothesis according to which a good knowledge of the population density helps to determine the rational growing site of cassava varieties. The experiment was conducted in four sites under average altitudes (800-1200 m) and high altitudes (1200-1400 m) with variable infestation rates. The populations of African root and tuber scale with various stages of life and the marketable tuberous root production of each of the varieties as well as climatic factors were determined every three months for two years. The randomized complete block with four repetitions was used. The cluster analysis findings on the effects of the population density of the scale on the yields of these three varieties show that improved varieties were more infested than the local variety under mild altitude. Consequently, their yields were low compared to the local variety. Butamu and Mvuazi improved varieties produced low yields under mild altitudes where there were serious infestations of African root and tuber scale. The yields obtained from these two improved varieties under mild altitudes were respectively 13.1 T/ha and 18.8T/ha compared to Mbayilo local variety that produced 22.5 T/ha at 12 months after plantation (12MAP) on second year screening. Serious infestations of scale under mild altitudes were the cause for low yields of these improved varieties. In high altitude agro ecological areas where the population density of African root and tuber scale was low. Butamu improved variety yielded 25.3 T/ha compared to Mbayilo local variety that produced 37 T/ha at 12MAP on second year of screening. Our results show that the tuberous root production of the released improved varieties of cassava decreases in agro ecological areas with serious infestations of the scale. For the choice of the growing site of the improved varieties, Beni Territory high altitudes with low infestation of African root and tuber scale seem to be better indicated since Mvuazi variety produced 63.8 T/ha.

The comparison of taxonomic diversity and the ecological quality of two hydrosystems (Lukunga and Mangengenge) was studied from June to August 2011 in Lukunga and from June to August 2014 in Mangengenge. The sampling of the benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out thanks to the net in each station of sampling. The ecological quality of water was evaluated starting from indices (Shannon and Weaver, Equitability and IBGN). Both hydrosystems studied are diversified in the benthic macroinvert

The purpose of this study is the electrochemical treatment of a solution of textile colouring agent to know the methylene blue. The studied solution of methylene blue was prepared for the laboratory in a concentration of 0,5 g/L, from the colouring agent powder and not cleansed methylene blue. The prepared solution is neutral, (pH = 7,2); his conductivity of the order of 3,23 mS/cm while the turbidity is of the order of 91,8 NTU. The absorbance measured in a length of wave maximal 660 nm and of the order of 1,856. In the first part we made a treatment(processing) of the colouring agent by electrochemical way in a reactor of capacity 5 liters, in an intensity of 5 In and a tension of 15 V, for the temperature of 30

Children malnutrition remains a serious public health problem in general in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional compostion of selected Cameroonian local baby flours. Five varieties of Cameroonian local baby flours were collected in the production structure in Yaound

The Biosphere Reserve of Como

This paper passed through what is transitional justice by various tentative of its meaning and highlighted the role of women in its process. As an essay, we focused on key factors underlying transitional justice components and drown attention to the role of women. The review of literature on women participation in transitional justice is the key method of data collection followed by a content analysis. Findings show that in all process of transitional justice, women appear in various roles such as advocates, witnesses, accomplices and agitators. Also, the successful reparations have to be designed in consultation with affected communities, particularly victims and women groups which can provide concrete remedies to them, promote reconciliation, and restore public trust. Women play a role of designer and planner because they are the decision makers in their organizations. Therefore, they are in good place for advocacy and can serve like bridges to the community.

By looking for a formal method for the management, the use of the Bayesian networks came a natural choice. The Bayesian networks offer a formal frame, but also the ease of learning, and the adaptation to the new data or the requests. In the literature there are numerous examples which present the use of the Bayesian networks in the risk management in diverse sectors such as: financial, medical or legal. In this article we chose the domain of the insurance. Indeed, we propose an example of application of the Bayesian networks at the risk of error in an insurance company.

The increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to conventional antibiotics is a major public health problem. Thus the need for other alternatives in the search for new biologically active molecules is increasing. The study of the antibacterial activity of essential oils is one of the promising ways because of their antibiotic proven effectiveness on the one hand and the diversity of their biochemical composition conferring a broad spectrum of biological activities with mechanisms varied activities on the other. This work has focused on the study of the essential oil of biological activity of sawdust burl Thuya (Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters) against tested reference and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aimed to the recovery of waste from the processing of Thuya burl wood in the region of Essaouira by extracting essential oil and evaluation of its biological activity against multi-resistant strains of bacteria. The essential oil of sawdust of Thuya burl wood was obtained by steam distillation with a yield of about 1.5%. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the aromatogram method showed a high activity of the essential oil against the tested strains. This activity was 2 to 6 times greater than that obtained with the reference antibiotic. Furthermore, this essential oil was more effective on Staphylococcus aureus (Gram+) and Escherichia coli (Gram-) with respectively bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities.

Photovoltaic (PV) model is used in a simulation study to validate the system design of a PV system. This paper presents a step-by-step (detailed modeling) procedure for the simulation of photovoltaic modules with numerical values, using Matlab/Simulink software package. The proposed model is developed based on the mathematical model of the PV module, which is based on that of an elementary PV solar cell employing One-diode equivalent circuit. A particular Polycrystalline PV module is selected for the analysis of the developed model. The essential parameters required for modeling the system are taken from datasheets. The output current and power characteristic curves highly depend on some climatic factors such as solar radiation and temperature, are obtained by simulation for the selected module with the output power of 250 W and discussed.

The present study has been carried out during the period from January till September 2014. Samples of Rotifera were collected monthly from 5 stations located inside Tigris River at Baghdad city. The maximum recorded density was 40000 Ind/m3 which observed in April at station 5, whereas the minimum density was 450 Ind/m3 at station 1 in January 2014. There were identified 87 species of Rotifera belonged to 29 genera.The results of relative abundance index showed that the species of Rotifera: Keratella quadrata, K. cochlearis, Philodina roseola and Polyarthra ssp. were more abundant in all chosen stations at Tigris River.

The IDM young subject differs from the more usual IDM Topic -aged or old by several characteristics. The aim of our work was to study the epidemiological, clinical, angiographic and scalable IDM about the age of 45 has about a consecutive series of 50 patients (group I) the majority is male average ages of 39

People recognition through biometric identifiers has a variety of applications today. This process is performed in plain text, which endangers the safety of data transmitted during the recognition process when performed in low security networks. Biometric identifiers are unique and invariant in the lifetime of an individual. Therefore, once the data associated with the biometric identifier are obtained, it cannot be safely use as a security mechanism, so is not possible to change it as a password or a personal identification number. For the cryptographic protection of biometric data, several models have been proposed, however, problems such as data alignment and the revocation of compromised templates during an attack have not been efficiently addressed in these models. A set of hybrid models have been proposed in the literature to facilitate the revocation and to introduce a contribution to remove the alignment process. For this end, several minutiae structures extraction mechanisms are involved, with the purpose of obtaining a model that uses a method for extracting information invariant to rotation and translation, resistant to nonlinear deformation and partial overlapping and one of the biometric cryptosystems to ensure the extracted set of data.

Ablo is dough fermented very close to cereal, slightly salty and sugary, steam and sold firing under shape of wad the streets and in the similar public places. The objective of the survey is to list, through a bibliographic synthesis, the socioeconomic, technological, physico-chemical and microbiological information on the Ablo in order to provide a document of basis for the researchers who will imply themselves in research on Ablo. The survey permitted to note that the production of Ablo is exclusively an activity feminine. It is a generating activity of incomes that plays a considerable socioeconomic role. The production of the Ablo follows three different technologies to know: the technology using the corn, technology using the only rice and the technology using a mixture of rice and corn. Ablo is consumed everywhere especially in Benin at the time of the ceremonies. The microorganism that predominates during fermentation is the lactic bacteria, the yeasts and mould. Ablo has a weak microbial load to it contamination after transformation. The Ablo has a middle pH of 4, 11 and content in dry matter of the order of 39 - 40%. He contains the proteins, iron, the calcium and magnesium and can be recommended to the vulnerable people.

In order to establish a flood hazard and flood risk maps of Guelmim city (south of Morocco), physical characteristics evaluation of the Assaka watershed proves primordial; mainly the Sayed and Oum Laachar wadis sub-watersheds. In the end of 2014, the Assaka basin with its main affluents Sayed and Oum Laachar wadis were subject to floods causing huge human and material damages. The methodological approach is based on the use of Geographic Information System ArcGIS and spatial hydrological models, HEC-GeoDozer and HEC-GeoHMS, for the treatment of a field digital model (Mod

This article describes the evaluation of work Hadoop framework and complement Excel Power View through an experiment analyzing large volumes of information from GPS vehicle trajectories. In order to do a study to use Hadoop's own tools, USA dataset with information used trucks and their respective routes. This research was conducted in the following stages: 1) selection work environment where we see what are the best features and the need to work with Hadoop, 2) hardware to setup the environment and features for the analysis of GPS, 3) paths loading, analysis and visualization of results. Using Hive it is studied as a data store and the transformation of the tables to a format that facilitates ORC information processing. At the stage of data analysis it was used to perform MapReduce algorithms and PIG to make a risk assessment using SQL code conversions. Lastly displays and interprets the results with Power View a feature of Microsoft Excel 2013, which shows a map with GPS coordinates for all vehicles, where analysis techniques could conclude that 40% of accidents on the roads of EE California USA is caused by driver fatigue. For future work will proceed to generate GPS paths of the city of Guayaquil to determine patterns in their behavior.

Research on alternative funding sources has constantly interacted with the more general research on entrepreneurship finance, in particular, Venture Capital (VC). Actually, theses body of researches allow to be the main determinants of development practices compatible with Islamic VC such as Musharakah and Mudarabah [M&M] even if lack of integration; it

Background: The clinical reasoning is expressed daily in the ability to solve clinical problems of patients. Its supervision is essential to establish an individualized educational plan that encourages its development. Objective: To analyze the impact of clinical reasoning learning sessions as remediation strategy of clinical reasoning difficulties. Method: exploratory retrospective study of medical students analyzing the difficulties of clinical reasoning and pedagogic practice of supervision promoting its development through the introduction of clinical reasoning learning sessions guided by a course book and grids evaluation as remediation strategy. Results: After the application of our supervision model of the clinical reasoning, 94.6 % of students were satisfied. They thus suggested the introduction of clinical reasoning evaluation before clinical examinations 7th year. Conclusion: the introduction of clinical reasoning learning sessions both in diagnosis and remediation of difficulties reasoning proves a real need. It would be appropriate to propose models applicable in other disciplines and to integer its evaluation in university program of internship

Soil borne plant pathogens cause potential yield loss in every year all over the world. Antifungal Trichoderma isolates can control soil borne plant pathogenic fungi. Soil samples were collected from different agricultural fields to find out effective Trichoderma isolates. Their antifungal and morphological characteristics were studied. Radial mycelial growths of the isolates varied from 29.91 to 90.00 mm in vitro assay. On the basis of shape, growth habit, colony color, compactness, spore density isolates were categorized in different groups. Different selected temperature such as: 20o, 25 o, 30o and 35o C were maintained in incubators to observe the growth habit of different Trichoderma isolates. Optimum growth of Trichoderma isolates was recorded 25 to 30

Didactic transposition is a process of transformation of the learned knowledge to learn to teach. This passage could leave footprints that can manifest as dogmatization, a uncontextualization and programmability in learning. We then asked what is to transpose Immunology, given the important place it occupies in the Baccalaureate

This study aims to describing the reality of marketing alliance in telecom. Companies in regards of themes as ( the concept of marketing alliance, types of marketing alliance, motivation for marketing alliances, activities of marketing alliances) the sample has consisted of (55) forms that been distributed over the Fastlink telecom managers (directors) and (49) forms have retrieved. A descriptive methodology has been adopted accomplish the goals of the study. The questionnaire form has included two section: the first section has been related to data and personal information such as (sex, age, educational level, social status, and nationality), the second section has devoted for measuring marketing alliance through having (23) provisions divided over (4) themes (axes). After conducting the study, the researcher has come up with a set of conclusions as following: 1. The managers (directors) of Fastlink have average level of recognition of marketing alliance systems. 2. There have been no differences of statistical indications (meanings) of managers' responses in regards of marketing alliance themes (topics) such as (the concept of marketing alliance, motivations for marketing alliance of marketing alliance.) With variation of (sex, age, social status, and nationality). 3. The order of the marketing alliance themes (topics; the concept of marketing alliance, types of marketing alliance, motivations for marketing alliance, activities of marketing alliance.) has been according to its availability or significance for the Fastlink Telecom managers (directors).

Abdominal injuries are a commun cause of consultation in pediatric surgery. They often require non operative treatment when hemodynamics is stable. However, a normal physical examination is not reassuring, and imaging can not be conclusive. Materials and Methods: through a serie of 11 cases, collected in Pediatric Surgical Emergencies Department of the Children's Hospital of Rabat, over a period of 7 years, we analiszed epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic sides and outcomes. Results: The mean age of patients was 10.5 years (6-15 years) with a male predominance (82%). Abdominal contusion are represented in 9 cases versus 2 cases of abdominal wounds. The ragiologic examinations (ultrasound scans and CT) were non conclusive and all patients underwent a laparoscopy for suspected lesions of hollow organ. In 4 cases, there was intestinal perforation. Other causes are found: a splenic contusion, (one case) liver contusion (one case) and one duodenal hematoma. In 4 patients, laparoscopy was negative. Conclusion: laparoscopy both diagnostic and therapeutic avoids unnecessary laparotomy.

This article was interested in modeling the relationship between government spending and economic growth in morocco. We had applied the estimation method ARDL to model the long run and short run impact

Despite the popularity of CSR observed in businesses, practice is currently on a rudimentary stage. Given the dominant role of the leader in decision-making in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The perception of CSR constitutes a privileged source in the study of the concept to apprehend in the Moroccan context. On this basis, we conducted an exploratory study based on multiple case studies of four SMEs engaged in some CSR actions. These cases have led to apprehend the perception of CSR by managers of SMEs in the Moroccan context and address the main obstacles and motivations of CSR for SMEs. Finally, our research can be useful for SME managers wishing to understand the contours of a CSR approach.