The importance of photon pair generation can never be overemphasized. It has formed the basis of most fundamental quantum optical experiments like Bell-experiments, quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping. However for considerable number of years Quantum Mechanics in general has remained largely theoretical and within the four corners of laboratories. Quantum Key Distribution is one of the first quantum applications to break this barrier. It provides us with unconditionally secured communication by providing us with efficient alternative to classical cryptography. This study forms part of the effort in realizing efficient way of generating photon pairs through the Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion process using a nonlinear crystal cut for type-I phase matching. After generating the photon pairs, the paper examined how they can be detected efficiently. We measured the rate of single photon generation (up to 200 kHz) as well as the rate at which they are detected in coincidence (150 coincidences per second). We further investigated a quantum interference effect (the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect) which classical wave theory has failed to describe. This effect has numerous applications in scalable quantum networks and in linear quantum computing. Finally, a remarkable conversion efficiency of 2.2

The importance to incorporate mathematics in education has gain worldwide recognition, as it has a great potential of improving the level and quality of education completely. Mathematics is the bases of creation and is also the bases of learning and any student who is excellent in mathematics has a greater probability in excelling in other subjects as well. Today's era of technology cannot be discussed without making reference to the mathematics. Technology relates it building blocks to mathematics and any nation that wants to develop technologically must pay special attention to the study of mathematics. However, the teaching and learning of mathematics in our education is faced by a lot of hindrances. This study examines the challenges of the teaching and learning of mathematics in second cycle institutions in Ghana at Kumasi Metropolis. The researcher administered 400 total questionnaires, interviews and focus groups discussions, and a sample of three hundred and sixty (360) respondents made up of one hundred (100) teachers and two hundred and sixty (260) students respondent to them. Stratified sampling method was used to group the school population into two (2) main categories: teaching staff, and student. Random sampling was then used to select 360 respondents for data collection. After the study, it came out that, some of the problems are; lack of teaching and learning materials representing 22.22% according to the data gathered from the respondents ,from the respondents another problem was inconsistent syllabus by Ghana Education Service with a percentage of 16.67%, poor attitude towards the study of mathematics by students also had a percentage of 19.44%.