A Sahelian country, Niger has an arid climate. Socioeconomic development is essentially based on agriculture. This activity employs more than 80% of the working population in rural areas. Unfortunately, it is hampered by the scarcity and irregularity of water leading to a drop in crop yields and a risk of food insecurity. In this context, irrigation has established itself as an essential path for the sustainable development of agriculture in Niger. The objective of this study is the tensiometric monitoring of the evolution of soil water reserve. To achieve this objective, a device aimed at determining the reading on the tensiometer from which it is necessary to trigger the irrigation so that the crop does not suffer from water deficit, is installed on a clayey-sandy soil in the market gardening site of Birni N'Konni. The results led to the conclusion that the water supply is renewed each time the voltages observed are between 16 and 22 centibars. It should be noted that 24 hours after adding water, the voltages are between 05 and 06 centibars.

Pearl millet is the first cereal produced and consumed in Niger. However, its production hampered by several types of constraints including pearl millet downy mildew. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of variety + mineral fertilizer and variety + seed treatment combinations for the integrated management of pearl millet downy mildew. A Split-split-plot device with three factors (variety, mineral fertilizer and fungicide) is used. Data on the incidence and the severity of downy mildew are collected and analyzed. The incidence of the disease reached 8.13 ± 2.24% and 5.24 ± 1.69% after application of 2 g of DAP and 6 g of N15P15K15 per packet respectively compared with 12.41 ± 2.43% for the control. The application of N15P15K15 has more effect with ICRI-Tabi and that of DAP with ICMV-IS 89305. The severity of the disease went from 9.65% for the control at 5.27% after treatment of seeds with Apron Star42W.This effect is more remarkable at the level of HKP and ICRI-Tabi. The study has shown that the application of mineral fertilizer to seedlings reduces the infection of pearl millet downy mildew. In addition, N15P15K15 has more effect than DAP. Likewise, seed treatment with Apron Star42W significantly reduces the attack of the disease.