The study was conducted in the Yapo-Abbe Forest Massif, located in southeastern Cote d’Ivoire. it aims to analyze the population structure of timber species listed on the 2018 IUCN Red List. The surface survey method was used for the inventory and identification of these species across the three biotopes of the massif (secondary forest, reforested forest, and fallow land). The results show that the Yapo-Abbe Forest Massif harbors twenty-four (24) timber species listed on the 2018 IUCN Red List. These species are categorized into seventeen (17) vulnerable species, five (05) species of least concern, one (01) near-threatened species, and one (01) endangered species. The vegetation structure analysis indicates that in the secondary forest and fallow land biotopes, the population of the twenty-four (24) inventoried species is relatively balanced despite anthropogenic pressures. However, in the reforested forest biotope, the population of these species is disturbed and unbalanced. The assessment of regeneration potential reveals that the twenty-four (24) inventoried species struggle to regenerate in the secondary forest and reforested forest biotopes. In these vegetation formations, species regeneration is hindered by the denser canopy and intra- and/or interspecific competition. However, in the fallow land biotope, the twenty-four (24) inventoried species exhibit good regeneration potential.