This paper is about grounding resistances next to the grounding systems of electric pylons and transformation stations in several localities of Ivory Coast. The data of grounding resistances got next to CIE facilitated drawing of curves and their analysis. The low resistances values from 1Ω to 2Ω of ground in some localities show that the electricity network is safe, on the other hand the high values more than 10Ω in other area show that it is necessary to plan appropriate grounding systems to protect the high voltage electricity network. To solve problem, we suggest techniques of reduction of these grounding resistances. The relevance of this paper is to contribute to the improvement of the grounding systems to protect high voltage electricity networks.

This observation represents an unusual clinical aspect of a rare breast cancer, mucinous carcinoma which represents 1% of all breast cancers, with its two pure and mixed forms whose treatment and prognosis are not identical. The pure form has a good prognosis despite the exceptional clinical presentation of this type of breast cancer hence the interest of this case study, Mrs. L, a 70 year-old without risk factors admitted for mastitis of the left breast with rapid installation over 2 months, suspected of malignancy, yet the couple mammography / ultrasound did not manifest this malignancy, it shows an aspect of opacity well circumscribed of sharp contours. After the needle biopsy, the diagnosis of mucinous carcinoma was made which determined a suitable management is a neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by a radical treatment, the hormonotherapy was continued in front of the expression of the hormonal receptors. Post-treatment surveillance did not report distant recurrence or metastasis.

Endometriosis is classically defined by the ectopic presence of tissues possessing the morphological and functional characteristics of the endometrium. Ovarian endometriosis is one of the most common locations. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, but a multifactorial origin has been proposed. The symptomatology is dominated by pain and infertility. The clinical examination is often poor. The suprapubic pelvic ultrasound, and especially the endovaginal ultrasound, remains the examination of first intension. Laparoscopy is the only test to affirm with certainty; biopsies, classify it into stages and choose the most appropriate therapeutic strategy. The treatment of the first intension remains surgical, the medical treatments being in the majority of the cases only palliatives. The therapeutic success depends on the radicality of the surgical excision. We report the case of a postmenopausal patient with ovarian endometriosis simulating ovarian neoplastic pathology with review of the literature.

The objective of this study was to evaluate five species of green manure as improved fallow on cassava yield. The trial design was a complete randomized block with three repetitions. The treatments consisted of different species of green manure and one control. Two cassava varieties Mayombe and Sawasawa were used. The yield was significantly enhanced by Tithonia diversifolia up to 343.02% for Mayombe variety compared to the control, ie 44.17 t/ha against 9.97 t/ha for the control. Also, the yield of Sawasawa variety, was high in the order of 390.4%, i.e. 38.4 t/ha against 7.83 t/ha for the control with no fertilizer. In addition, Lab lab species enhanced also the yield to 309.2% or 40.80 t/ha for the Mayombe variety against 9.97 t/ha for the control, as for Sawasawa variety, the yield was improved by 119.6% or 17.2 t/ha against 7.83 t/ha for the control. Other species, including Mucuna preta, Crotalaria grahamiana and Crotalaria ochroleuca, improved yield of the Mayombe variety in the order of 137.7%, 129.3% and 62.7%, respectively. For Sawasawa variety, only Crotalaria grahamiana improved its yield by 106.5% compared to the control.

Better managements of soil fertility are imperative for rehabilitating degraded soil in order to increase crop yields. Our objective was to assess the effect of improved fallow of different combinations of herbaceous-shrubs species and microdose of fertilizer on maize-bean yield, aboveground organic carbon sequestration and soil proprieties improvement. The treatments consisted of Pennisetum purpureum, Setaria sphacelata and Tripsacum laxum or Tithonia diversifolia combinations with 3 shrub species (Leucaena diversifolia, Calliandra calothyrsus, and Albizzia chinens) and microdoses of fertilizer (NPK-manure), two controls treatments without fertilizer were also included. These treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with, the main plot treatment consisting of herbaceous-shrubs fallow type subdivided into four subplots of beans ([M211], [NAMULENGA] [CURANTINO] and [VCB] cropped with three maize varieties [SamVita A and B], and [Gv664]. Application of microdose and herbaceous species combination increased bean and maize grain yield at both sites 21 months after trial initiation. No significant difference was observed between the different combinations in both sites and for the 3 planting seasons for assessed parameters. Herbaceous combinations increased significantly the number of nodules (P < 0.01). Highest biomass yield, C sequestration number and biomass of earthworm were found in the herbaceous-shrubs combinations treatments and lower in NPK-manure and control treatments in both sites. In addition, the number of earthworms was enhanced with application of microdose of fertilizers (546) and herbaceous-fallow grassland (725) compared to control (282) 2 years after trial initiation at Mulungu site. No significant difference was observed between the different combinations in both sites for soil temperature and moisture variation.

Metaplastic breast carcinomas are rare tumors, represent less than 1% of invasive breast cancers, and constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors defined by the World Health Organization as infiltrating ductal carcinoma but with zones of metaplastic rearrangements of Epidermoid, fusiform, chondroid, bone or mixed type. Histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry makes it possible to make the diagnosis. Treatment combines surgery, and chemotherapy, radiotherapy is discussed and hormone therapy has no place. Their prognosis is bleak and the evolution is marked by locoregional recurrences and distant metastases. We report two cases of metaplastic breast carcinoma diagnosed by histology supplemented by immunohistochemistry, the treatment consisted of a mastectomy with axillary dissection supplemented by chemotherapy.

This paper examines the question of the historical development of constitutional Islamic religious text of the legal status of non-Muslims in Islam from the beginning of the call of the Prophet up to the modern time. The paper follows and explores the nature of the religious foundations of the Dhimma system by shedding light on the constitutional religious texts that played a big role in the establishment of the legal status of non-Muslims in early Islam. This research based mainly on primary sources, particularly the classical works of Islamic law, but it will refer only to Maliki jurisprudence. This study will not look at the sources of Islamic law from the religious’ point of view. Second sources of data will be the secondary sources that are composed of specialized academic literature such as historical books, journal and magazine articles on this subject. This subject will be divided into through two sections. The first section, clarifies concepts such as Ahl al-Dhimma and dhimmis by drawing a picture on the development of the concept of Ahl al-Dhimma in Islamic classical fiqh. The second section, analyzes the historical development of the foundational texts that determine the status of non-Muslims in early Islam up to the modern time.

Today, the enormous difficulties encountered by certain national discharges have been repeated, including unexpected "behaviors", Very different from what had been planned and designed were observed for uncontrolled landfills: leachate production under or over appraisal, inefficient drainage or compaction ...; which highlights a lack of specific scientific knowledge and appropriate to dumps, especially in the leachate treatment, who in many cases end up in waterways or groundwater. For these reasons, leachate treatment of uncontrolled dump in the city of Taza has become a major environmental challenge threaten public health of this city. These untreated leachate directly contaminating the waters of the Oued Larbaâ which delimits this discharge and who are widely used in the irrigation of vegetable crops. The SBR process model studied and appropriate for the case of the Taza landfill aims to obtain a sufficient abatement of the pollutant load of the leachate in order to meet the Moroccan norms of indirect discharges. The results obtained are very satisfactory, with a net reduction of all studied pollution indicators.

The area of high Sassandra like other areas of the country in confronted to the nutrition problem. These are due to the worst crops the agricultural revenue instability. The over-exploited land by the exportation cultures (coffee-cocoa)reduces the possibilities of the living activities development. The demography, the urban development, the water flow organization, the climate changes and the deforestation have some inversible consequences on the area, the aquatic biodiversity and also on men who live from these resources. Hoping that, pisciculture may be a tool of rural development of the means are given to this field. The Ivorian state has set up since the first decodes of its independences, a policy of development in the sector throughout different international cooperation and diverse programs in rural area. This period coincides to binominal coffee and cocoa glorious time that the government called « the Ivorian miracle ». Face to the difficulties undergone by the binominal coffee and cocoa because of the low prices, the lack of land and the lack of manpower at the beginning of the year 90, the socio-economic challenges around the shallows are becoming more and more important. It seems that the shallow more precisely pisciculture has become more important in the rural and agricultural economic reinforcement process in crises in high Sassandra area. Its insertion in this area is not only due to the public policies but also to diverse informal actors initiatives.

To study the convergence of a real digital series; it calculates the sum Sn of the first n terms. Therefore( lim)(n→∞)⁡〖S_n〗 is calculated (if this limit exists and is equal to S, then the series converges and it converges to S; if this limit doesn’t exist or is infinite, then the series diverges). In practice, it is difficult to calculate Sn for some series. In wanting to get around that, mathematicians have developed convergence criteria deciding on the convergence of the series without calculating the sum. Such is the case of D'Alembert, Cauchy, Riemann, RAABE, DUHAMEL, Gauss ... When a series is recognized convergent, we calculate the approximate sum: the series is converging slowly (for its sum precisely, it is necessary take a large number of words), the series is rapidly convergent (for its sum precisely, take a small number of terms). The transition from slow convergence to the rapid convergence is a numerical analysis problem. So, in this article we would like to get this problem of forgetting. The improvement of the convergence of digital series is obtained from certain transformations using various methods.