The concept of the Competency-Based Approach (CBA) is far from being fully stabilized. It is understood in very different ways and translated through a number of variants in training curricula. There is a lack of support and involvement of teaching staff in secondary health sciences schools (ITM and IEM) in the implementation of the reform. So the CBA appears and remains as a slogan. This study aims to assess teachers' knowledge of the Competency-Based Approach and its application in the ITM/IEM of the province of Sud-Ubangi. This is a descriptive study. The data were collected using the survey method with the interview technique from 61 teachers in 4 schools including the ITM Salisa/Libenge, Molende/Tandala, Tobongisa/Banga-Bola, Saint Joseph/Bokonge. Graduate teachers dominate with 51% having done, for nearly 31% the hospital sector (19/61), followed by those who have done teaching and Administration in Nursing with 18% (11/61), then doctors with 13% (8/61). Teachers have enough knowledge on the APC but have not been formally trained. They accuse gaps in the use of educational documents in particular training and evaluation references. They sometimes use skills references. They certify a significant insufficiency of materials for the correct application of the APC. They are partially integrated into a pedagogy focused on the APC. This lack of impregnation of the teachers surveyed is linked to the lack of continuing training; the lack of mastery of the different methods used in APC and the insufficiency of educational documents, the lack of support on the APC during the school year and the bonus for mediocre services. A contextualization of the implementation of the APC is essential as an appropriate solution with continuing training and the development of a set of efficient monitoring and support strategies can contribute to the integration of the APC and the improvement of the quality of training of learners according to the standards of the health sciences education department.

Low birth weight is one of the real public health problems. It is used as an indicator that reflects fetal growth within its mother but also predicts the future and growth of the child, at least in the first years of life. Several studies express the point of view that there would be a very high morbidity and mortality rate in children born with low birth weight than in other children. The general reference hospital being a 2nd level structure takes care of all people in need of health from the entire health zone. It has been noted according to our observation that there have been more and more children born with low birth weight, particularly at the maternity ward of the HGR of Gemena, a reason for any person with a scientific mind to seek to discover what the determinants may be. It should be noted that the study was conducted in the peri-urban area of ​​Gemena and covered nine health areas out of the twenty-three in the health zone. Rural health areas were not taken into account in this study given the difficulties of access and financial constraints. Well beyond the ZSUR of Gemena and its particular typology (urban health areas and rural health areas), each health zone, depending on the context, can be full of specific factors that other studies can help to discover. Beyond the survey, our observation, our sense of apprehension and our curiosity were used to collect empirical data, analyze them and bring out the essential elements useful for providing guidance as results for our study. Overall, six factors were incriminated for which a positive association was found between the parameter analyzed and the occurrence of low birth weight (LBW). This set of factors identified and listed above are therefore not exhaustive. It should also be noted that since the study was prospective, only cases recorded during the period of our study were considered for analysis. Like the shadow that hides the forest, rural areas and those not analyzed may well hide many other factors.

This work focused on sanitation in a university environment deals with both the material and the functional components necessary for students, future professionals and development agents to adopt behaviors favorable to sanitation and the promotion of environment and, through them, the community is brought to change.