Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), represents today the psychotherapeutic current most widely validated by the methods of Evidence Based Medicine. The aim of this work is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of this therapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders, which are pathologies of multifactorial origin, in which the psychic factor plays an important role.The collection of data from the scientific literature was carried out among the scientific production published during the period from 2004 to 2019 through research on the PubMed database.Articles published and meeting the eligibility criteria were identified after reading their titles and abstracts by 3 readers.A manual search covering the same period was conducted to expand the bibliography.Through this systematic review, we can abstract the following conclusions:- Temporomandibular joint disorders are pathologies with various origins, in which the psychic factor plays an important role in the appearance and maintenance of the disorder, as well as during treatment.-In front of this pathology which is multifactorial, medical care must address all of the elements responsible of the disorder.- The treatment plan must be adapted to each patient, promoting the non-invasive conservative therapeutic means (drug treatments, occlusal splints).-The combination of the standard conservative therapy with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which is a psychotherapy that focuses on the patient's wrong and negative thoughts and beliefs, allows to increases the effectiveness of treatment, accelerates healing and prevents relapse.- Further studies are needed, with a longer observation period and a large sample size. In order to make a better analysis of this effectiveness, not only on temporomandibular joint disorders, but also for the various oral and dental pathologies which are related to the psychology of the patients. In addition, the oral cavity represents an organ with high psychological importance, and the dentist must today know how to approach a patient as a globality for a better care.