Beginning teachers

The effectiveness of the Long-Lasting Insecticide-treat Nets (LLINs) has been widely demonstrated in the last two decades as an effective means of vector control against malaria. To understand how the washing practices in the community affected the effectiveness of LLINs, a survey was conducted in three health areas (Cotonou, Parakou and Tangui

A fast development of urban agriculture has recently taken place in many areas of the Republic of Benin. This study was conducted from January to December 2013 in southern and northern Benin in three major vegetable farms. It aimed to assess the genesis and the rapid expansion of urban agriculture especially, its contribution to the improvement of living conditions to urban populations.
The protocol was based on the collection of sociological data by interviewing vegetable farmers regarding on the history of vegetable farming in Benin, the various agricultural practices, the types of pesticides used, the typology of vegetable farms, the advantages and disadvantages of this agriculture.
Results from this study showed that:
(1) The creation of the first vegetable farmer was the work of the Christian missionaries and this in the context of their dietary requirements, but nowadays, the rapid development of urban agriculture is mainly due to unemployment observed in major cities, rural exodus and the search for a balanced diet by urban populations and increases the farmers' household income and their living standard;
(2) Vegetable farming activity is still devotes to young people (21-40 years old) where 75% among them are permanents gardeners, against 10% working part time and 15% on a temporary basis.
(3) Farmers used various types of pesticides, which in many cases were not recommended for this activity.
This study confirmed an increase activity of the vegetable farming in urban areas of Benin.
It has led to the use of insecticide in an improper manner to control vegetable pests, thus causing the emergence of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors.