Today, Moroccan WWTPs must comply with the IPPC Directive (2008/1 / EC) (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control) through their international regulations, justifying the use of the best available techniques. The "Bacterial Bed" process set up for wastewater treatment in the city of Khenifra, showed a strong robustness of the purification system, which can ensure a significant elimination of the organic load and wait for very encouraging purification yields. These results have led us to ask the following question: can our process be considered as the best available technique? The comparison of the bacterial bed process has therefore been performed with other methods available in Morocco. To do this and given the lack of evaluation methods, we propose the "Focus L-BAT" method based on a thorough analysis of the 12 IPPC Directive considerations. The method is structured according to a tree structure with 3 levels (BAT performance evaluation objectives, criteria and indicators). The evaluation mode is qualitative and based on a five-level scoring system. Although weaker on criteria such as energy consumption, maintenance, maintenance or ease of implementation, the bacterial bed process has its strong points on criteria such as - control of consumption and recycling, regulatory compliance, prevention of risks related to chemicals. The results show that, for the bacterial bed process, 42% of the criteria are rated as having good or very good performance compared to activated sludge and aerated lagoon processes. The bacterial bed process is therefore more efficient than the activated sludge and aerated lagoon processes in terms of BAT criteria. It can therefore be candidate for BAT of BREF urban wastewater treatment as a performance technique.
This study aims to evaluate the performance of the sewage treatment plant of the lagunage type with activated sludge located in the town of Skhirat of the area Rabat-Sale-Kenitra in the vicinity of the Atlantic Ocean. Sampling was carried out monthly during the year 2013 follow- up by specific physicochemical analyses in terms of the chemical demand for oxygen (DCO), the biological request oxygenates of them (DBO5) and suspended matter measures it (SM).
These parameters are measured at the laboratory by the device DCOmétre, DBOmétre as well as SM by a cellulose membrane filter. On the level of this sewage treatment plant, the output acquired in terms of DCO, DBO5 and SM is respectively of annual percentage average of about 87,26%, 88,35% and 68,37% what is very significant on the level downstream of this STEP and conforms to the national standards and international ; this is confirmed by the Test t unilateral for two matched samples represented by one p-value 0.0001 significant for the difference between the averages of entry and exitof the STEP. As well as the ratios of DCO/DBO5 and DBO5/DCO, indicate to us that the biodegrad ability is not difficult, represented respectively by values of about 2,05 and 0,49 what means what means that thisstation uses a kind of satisfactory biological treatment.
The objective of this study is the evaluation of the groundwater’s quality of the region Zegit-Oulmes by analysis of some physico-chemical parameters as pH, redox, conductivity, salinity, solids dissolved, oxygen and temperature. These parameters have been measured by a kind Consort C535 and Hanna Instruments HI 98280 multi-parameter Analyser. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was measured by a multiparameter photometer HANNA type C 214 (HI 83214), the biological oxygen demand (BOD5) by a Dbometre for five days and turbidity by a turbidimeter.
The electrical conductivity is about 2836,6 ± 229.4 µS/cm, dissolved oxygen about 6.66 ± 3,84 mg/l, about 84,86 ± 56,16 NTU turbidity, chemical and biological oxygen demand are respectively about 166 ± 133.4 mg O2/l and 40.66 ± 29.73 mg O2/l. These results indicate that the groundwater’s quality in Zegit-Oulmes is bad and the measures exceed the national standards, which poses a serious problem for their direct consumption.
The management of leachate flow is a challenge for the operation of landfills in Morocco. This Essaouira which started in 2001, received in 2014, 72 tons of waste as daily average. This buried tonnage generates between 6 and 8 m3/d leachate The objective of this study is to follow the evolution of the physico-chemical composition of leachate stored and therefore assess the purification performance of the adopted treatment system. To do this, leachate samples were collected and analyzed during the period from 2012 up to 2015. The analysis results show that despite the long stay in the leachate storage basin, the pollution organic and inorganic filler, is significant and almost stable over time. The organic pollutant load is expressed as COD varying between 6106 and 13939 mgO2/L with a mean of 10361mgO2/L. It also resulted in BOD5 which is between 207 and 851 mgO2/L, with an average of 631 mgO2/L. Therefore the ratio of BOD5/COD is between 0.03 and 0.08 with an average of 0.06. This shows that the leachate studied are old and characterized by complex organic load and nonbiodegradable. Mineral pollution is also present and marked by a high electrical conductivity which reached an average value of 39983?s/cm. The values of this organic and inorganic pollution, far beyond the limits of direct discharge into the receiving environment. The metal composition of leachate is typical of landfills for household dominant. In fact the values obtained during this monitoring does not exceed the thresholds set by the Moroccan standard rejection besides chromium (avg=1720 mg/l) which has a much higher concentration than other discharges and which exceeds Moroccan standards rejection (avg=200?g/l).
Fouarat's swamp is one of the Gharb's region wetlands. It represents a habitat for an important fauna and flora witch are clearly in perpetual seasonal changes. In order to enhance this area, and to show its importance in the local, regional and national biodiversity, we undertook to study its avian biodiversity, including that of the Ard
Most of water resources nowadays are exposed to pollution caused by domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewater. Pollution is also caused by climate changes, acidic rain, etc. The superficial pollution can infiltrate through soil into the underground water. The danger of this pollution depends on the nature, concentration and type of the pollutants. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and control the physicochemical quality of underground water of ALLAL TAZI- Gharb Morocco .The research is carried out on 22 underground water wells in the region under study. It analyses and controls 12 physicochemical parameters of the collected samples in ORMVAG Laboratory, Kenitra. These parameters are pH, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-, (NH4+) et NO3-, CO32- et bicarbonate HCO3-.The results have shown that the concentration of ammonium NH4+ in 95% of wells and nitrate NO3- in 68.2 % of wells are much higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) norms . This indicates that there is nitrogen pollution as a result of industrial and domestic organic waste or due to the excessive use of soil fertilizers. The electric conductivity in 31.8 % of wells, concentration of chloride Cl- in 41% of wells, and concentration of sodium Na+ in 31.8% of wells are relatively higher than WHO norms. This explains the existence of high level of mineralization in water-wells of the region under study as a result of geological structure or industrial and domestic pollution. The study has also revealed that other parameters are approximately in concord with the norms set out by WHO. It is concluded that the physicochemical quality of the underground water of the region under study is medium.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of pollution of wastewater from the city of Nouakchott, Mauritania, including the entry of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with a physic-chemical characterization of the raw water. The average values of the pollution load in terms of organic matter BOD5, COD, nitrogen material of ammonium NH4 +, suspended matter and ortho-phosphate PO43- are 538.71 mg / l, respectively, 1806.76 mg / l 110.8 mg / l, 658.45 mg / l and 111.47 mg / l. The pH and temperature were determined by a pH meter type HANNA Instruments HI 9622. The conductivity was measured by a type of portable conductivity meter Hanna, COD by a spectrophotometer and a model 45600 COD reactor and the BOD5 a OxiTop and ammonium ions, orthophosphates are analyzed by colorimetric methods using a UV spectrophotometer Visible type 722 S Beijing. The results achieved show that these raw sewage at the entrance to the WWTP are too loaded pollutants exceeding the standards. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied showing an inertia of 69.61% of F1 and F2 axes exploring the most polluted month. Due to the ancient of the treatment plant in the city of Nouakchott in Mauritania and the increasing rate of the population of this city so far, it requires renewal and reconstruction of a WWTP that meets the requirements international.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the degree of pollution of oil extraction olive waste water discharged directly to the receiving environment (Wadi R'dom the Sidi Kacem city). And the problems posed qualifies them as liquid material polluting the environment the case of surface waters and low-flow land application, the results of some physic-chemical parameters in terms of conductivity, salinity, biological demand oxygen (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), the rate of sediment dissolved (TDS) and suspended solids (SS) are respectively significant mean values of the four study sites 22.61
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