Volume 39, Issue 4, June 2023, Pages 1739–1746
Thiombiano Célestin1, Lado Abdulrahman2, Serme Idriss3, Batieno T. Benoit Joseph4, Ali Malam Labo Mohamed5, Tignegre Jean-Baptiste De La Salle6, Yelemou Barthelemy7, Sawadogo Mahamoudou8, Jibrin Mohammed Jibrin9, M. A. Hussaini10, and Bassam Abdulrahman Lawan11
1 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
2 Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
3 Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) du , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (CNRST), 04 BP 8645, Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Fa, Burkina Faso
4 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
5 The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niger
6 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
7 Département Gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Système de Production, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, INERA-Saria, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
8 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Végétale, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
9 Department of Soil Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
10 Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
11 Department of Soil Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
Original language: English
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The zai system is a traditional agricultural practice used for crops production for water and nutrients management. A study was conducted in Burkina Faso at Kamboinsin to evaluate the profitability of the zai use in cowpea cultivation. Treatments consisted of three levels of drought stress (control, drought stress at seedling and flowering stages), three zai levels (control (tillage); 15 and 25 cm zai depth) and the variety at four levels (Gorom local, Moussa local, KVx396-4-5-2D, Tiligre). The experimental design was a split-split-plot replicated three times. Grain yield and economic data were recorded and cost and returns analysis performed. 25 cm zai depth recorded the highest total variable cost and the control the least. In control conditions, the highest grain yield and net revenue were recorded in 25 cm zai depth for 50% of the varieties and in 15 cm zai depth for the others. In seedling and flowering stages drought stress conditions, the highest net revenue was recorded in 25 cm zai depth, while the lowest was recorded in the control (tillage). The highest benefit-cost ratio was consistently registered in the control (tillage) for drought-tolerant varieties. For drought-sensitive varieties, higher benefit-cost ratio was registered in zai pits in seedling-stage drought stress conditions. The use of manual zai substantial increases cowpea grain yield, but does not consistently guarantee a high economic profit. The mechanical construction of zai could reduce the cost of pits implementation and increase the financial profitability.
Author Keywords: Zai pit, drought stress, cowpea, grain yield, profitability.
Thiombiano Célestin1, Lado Abdulrahman2, Serme Idriss3, Batieno T. Benoit Joseph4, Ali Malam Labo Mohamed5, Tignegre Jean-Baptiste De La Salle6, Yelemou Barthelemy7, Sawadogo Mahamoudou8, Jibrin Mohammed Jibrin9, M. A. Hussaini10, and Bassam Abdulrahman Lawan11
1 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
2 Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
3 Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) du , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (CNRST), 04 BP 8645, Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Fa, Burkina Faso
4 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
5 The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Niger
6 Département Production Vegetale, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Kamboinsin, Burkina Faso
7 Département Gestion des Ressources Naturelles et Système de Production, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, INERA-Saria, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
8 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Végétale, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
9 Department of Soil Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
10 Department of Agronomy, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
11 Department of Soil Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
Original language: English
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The zai system is a traditional agricultural practice used for crops production for water and nutrients management. A study was conducted in Burkina Faso at Kamboinsin to evaluate the profitability of the zai use in cowpea cultivation. Treatments consisted of three levels of drought stress (control, drought stress at seedling and flowering stages), three zai levels (control (tillage); 15 and 25 cm zai depth) and the variety at four levels (Gorom local, Moussa local, KVx396-4-5-2D, Tiligre). The experimental design was a split-split-plot replicated three times. Grain yield and economic data were recorded and cost and returns analysis performed. 25 cm zai depth recorded the highest total variable cost and the control the least. In control conditions, the highest grain yield and net revenue were recorded in 25 cm zai depth for 50% of the varieties and in 15 cm zai depth for the others. In seedling and flowering stages drought stress conditions, the highest net revenue was recorded in 25 cm zai depth, while the lowest was recorded in the control (tillage). The highest benefit-cost ratio was consistently registered in the control (tillage) for drought-tolerant varieties. For drought-sensitive varieties, higher benefit-cost ratio was registered in zai pits in seedling-stage drought stress conditions. The use of manual zai substantial increases cowpea grain yield, but does not consistently guarantee a high economic profit. The mechanical construction of zai could reduce the cost of pits implementation and increase the financial profitability.
Author Keywords: Zai pit, drought stress, cowpea, grain yield, profitability.
How to Cite this Article
Thiombiano Célestin, Lado Abdulrahman, Serme Idriss, Batieno T. Benoit Joseph, Ali Malam Labo Mohamed, Tignegre Jean-Baptiste De La Salle, Yelemou Barthelemy, Sawadogo Mahamoudou, Jibrin Mohammed Jibrin, M. A. Hussaini, and Bassam Abdulrahman Lawan, “Profitability Analysis of Zai Pits Use in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) Production under Normal watering and Drought Stress Conditions,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 1739–1746, June 2023.
