This research aims to analyze and characterize the governance of public administrations in the field of performance management following recent reforms in this area in France between the years 2000 and 2018. To do this, and initially, a review of the theoretical literature of the different models that deal with this problem is proposed. In a second step, all the indicators selected will be the subject of an empirical study based on the econometrics of panel data in order to understand the response of the public administration to the reforms. The results of our research demonstrate the existence of a significant evolution of public administration towards results-based management. The performance indicators used largely explain the transformations observed.

Corporate Social Responsibility is now a major challenge for the development and growth of companies. Environmental, social, societal and governance considerations have becomeparamount and therefore constitute sources of competitive advantage and value creation. This present work focuses on the impact of CSR on the overall performance of the company through the analysis of financial and extra-financial information by highlighting statistical techniques and data analysis. Thus, this research aims to explain, theoretically and empirically, the question of creation or destruction of value following the implementation of a CSR approach and to identify the sources of the changes observed. Our study provides major support to defenders of the implementation of suchapproach. Thus, our results affirm that the companies which achieve a significant CSR performance are mainly large companies, belonging to certain very specific sectors. Also, we find that the indicators relating to CSR are positively and significantly associated with the financial performance of companies. In other words, the commitment to a CSR approach improves the financial performance of the company as well as its overall performance.

As an extension of our research work in local economics and industrial economics, initiated over 14 years ago, we continue to explore our study carried out in the French context in 2006 in order to refine it, adapt it to the current context and extract more possible results and conclusions. In this perspective, we have highlighted the perpetual dichotomy that exists between geographic proximity and new information and communication technologies. In this sense, the development of NICT never calls into question the necessity of the geographical factor but on the contrary, it proves its necessity during the process of exchange of knowledge especially when it comes to its tacit form which imposes face to face.