This research aims to analyze and characterize the governance of public administrations in the field of performance management following recent reforms in this area in France between the years 2000 and 2018. To do this, and initially, a review of the theoretical literature of the different models that deal with this problem is proposed. In a second step, all the indicators selected will be the subject of an empirical study based on the econometrics of panel data in order to understand the response of the public administration to the reforms. The results of our research demonstrate the existence of a significant evolution of public administration towards results-based management. The performance indicators used largely explain the transformations observed.

Corporate Social Responsibility is now a major challenge for the development and growth of companies. Environmental, social, societal and governance considerations have becomeparamount and therefore constitute sources of competitive advantage and value creation. This present work focuses on the impact of CSR on the overall performance of the company through the analysis of financial and extra-financial information by highlighting statistical techniques and data analysis. Thus, this research aims to explain, theoretically and empirically, the question of creation or destruction of value following the implementation of a CSR approach and to identify the sources of the changes observed. Our study provides major support to defenders of the implementation of suchapproach. Thus, our results affirm that the companies which achieve a significant CSR performance are mainly large companies, belonging to certain very specific sectors. Also, we find that the indicators relating to CSR are positively and significantly associated with the financial performance of companies. In other words, the commitment to a CSR approach improves the financial performance of the company as well as its overall performance.

A large number of work theoretical and empirical confirms the geographical dimension of externalities of the research development. However these works suffers from two major weaknesses. On the one hand, they are limited to the American case and generalize the results with other contexts (essentially european). On the other hand, in front of difficulties bound to the modeling, rare are works which includes in the same model the externalities and their geographical dimension. We exploited these gaps related to these two weaknesses works about it on a european country (France) while integrating in the same model the externalities of the research and development and their geographical dimension.

The aim of this paper is to investigate and assess the role of geographical proximity on firm technological linkages. Our results suggest that the knowledge dissemination must be supplemented by otherfactor. The econometric analysis confirms the importance of the geographical proximity in the innovation process of french firms. Facors, such as, a larger mobility of skilled labor force, higher organization size and a greater absorptive capacity of innovative firms, may also play an important role in the this process. However, the inter-firms cooperation in french and their sectoral membership don't appear to be essential to increase their innovating capacity.