The major issue of this study is to identify the causes and consequences of the fire in the city of Kinshasa. The aim is to analyze the statistical data of the fires recorded by the Corps of Firefighters of Kinshasa (in acronym CSPK) to know and understand the causes in order to characterize the consequences in order to better prevent them. This study is based on the fact that knowledge of the origins of the fire is the foundation of any effective prevention policy. The method of observation and the documentary method followed by investigations in the field (in particular surveys by interview with the victims) and laboratory work helped us to arrive at the results. The results obtained from our investigations and resulting analyzes show that anomalies in the use of electric current, poor management/handling or misuse of dangerous products or equipment (candle, flammable products, etc.), material failures on the part of the CSPK are the main causes of fires in the city of Kinshasa. The consequences range from material losses to those of human life, including serious injuries and burns to people who are victims of the fire.