The gardening is presented as a credible alternative of crop’s diversification. The potato’s crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) is being done in all the eight regions. On a yearly cycle form October to March. In Agadez region it is producted all over the year. In Tillaberi region particularly at Imanan the practice of two cycles (primary and later) is tested instead of a single yearly cycle as an innovation. The aim of article is to comtribute at the impmrovement of the potato’s crop productivity during a year. The methodology has consisted to lead inquiries and observation of local cultural practices (ground preparation, tuber fragmentation, after pre germination, buttage). From October to December for the primary and from January to March for the later. The plurality of the harvest for the two cyces is of 66 tone against 33 tone of normal cycle. On the other side the selling price of the kg the primary of Decembre and the later of March were respectively 400 and 200 CFA. Whereas the production of February is sold 200 CFA per kg because the offer exceder the demande. It is clearly established that the practice of the two yearly cycles get more products and and incomes.

This study was conducted at Intchimia’s recovered site. Its objective is to determine the impact of land reclamation techniques on millet productivity. The experimental device used is a randomized block with four treatments (DL half-moon, CP stony cords, half-moon + stony cords DL-CP and control T) and three repetitions. Parameters monitored were phenological growth and components of millet yield. Results showed that water and soil conservation techniques have a better influence on the development and productivity of millet. The best results were obtained in the DL treatments (plant height: 229.46 cm; grain weight: 1936.11 kg / ha and biomass weight: 6.24 t / ha) and CP-DL (height of plant: 226.93 cm; grain weight: 1692.83 kg/ha and biomass weight: 5.65 t/ha). These results made it possible to demonstrate that DL and DL-CP are the most suitable as a promoted area for the production of millet at the level of the recovered soils.

Bambara groundnut [Vigna Subterranea (L.) Verdc.], plays an important role in increasing the bioavailability of phosphorus even in ferrolsoils through its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and gives an average yields ranging from 350 to 800 kg / ha in areas where soil is poor and rainfall is low. This ability to bind atmospheric nitrogen by legumes such as Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.)) is due to the presence of root nodules harboring colonies of Rhizobium, symbiotic bacteria. Indeed, it has been showed some diversity in the isolated nodules from the same legume and proved that, apart from the genetic difference, some strains are more efficient, more competitive than others. The objective of this study is to evaluate the diversity of the nodulating rhizobia of Bambara groundnut morphotypes of Niger. For that, the PCR / RFLP technique was used to identify the polymorphism between rhizobium strains isolated from the root nodules of three (3) morphotypes (Ne-01, Ne-09 and Ne-10) cultivated at two sites (Tara and Kollo) of two different agro-ecological areas. The analysis revealed a high diversity within populations of rhizobia nodulating of Vigna Subterranea L. A total of twenty five (25) types of IGS profiles were identified from the 68 samples analyzed with 4 dominant types (II, XI, XIV and XVI). In general, the same types of IGS for the same morphotype at both sites were observed. It also appeared that the growing area has an impact on rhizobia diversity. Thus, it has been shown that the genetic diversity of rhizobia populations is much higher in Tara (20/25 types identified) compared to Kollo (12/25 types). The distribution of rhizobia populations capable of nodulating the Vigna Subterranea L. was depended not only at the morphotype but also at the growing area.

This research showed positive effect of A. senegal on soils total microbial activity on different sites in Niger. Soils were sampled under and outside A. senegal crown. The depth of soil sampling is 0-25 cm. sites that samples take out are: Azzai, Bader, Malam Maimari, N’Guel kolo, Kokoye and Kiki. Activity was greater on soils under A. senegal crown, than outside crown. Results showed strong correlation between total microbial activity and soils physico-chemical parameters. Correlation was positive on soils with higher clay content, and negative on those with higher sand content. Thus, under A. senegal crown, soils total microbial activity was significantly different between studied sites. Activity on Kiki’s site with value of 5,9 µg/g/h, was twice that obtained at N’Guel kolo. On all sites, total microbial activities on soils outside of A. senegal crown, was either a third lower (Kokoye and N’Guel kolo), or half lower (Kiki, Malam Maimari, Bader and Azzai), than under the crown. A. senegal is legume plant, that can contribute to fertilize and stabilize poor soils. A better valorisation of A. senegal would allow development of agroforestry system in nitrogen deficient soils of the Sahelian zone. Agroforestry practices could increase plant diversity, control soil erosion and sequester organic carbon.

In Sub-saharan Africa, many rural communities live from the exploitation of natural forest resources including non-timber forest products (NTFPs). Arabic gum figures prominently among non-timber forest products that generate significant income for rural households, especially the poor and vulnerable households (agro-pastoralists and pastoralists). Therefore, it is important to evaluate the contribution of arabic gum to food security of rural households. It is in this context that this study is conducted, whose objectives are to: identify the stands demographic structures; characterize the production methods (traditional or modern) of the gum; estimate the quantity of gum production and estimate its contribution in the household income. Dendrometric measures are made in 62 plots on three gum trees stands and semi-structured individual interview was conducted in the three gum production areas of Niger. The results showed that demographic structure of population of A. senegal is stably at Kokoy

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea l.), third food legume in Africa, is the largest in terms of production and consumption after the peanut (Arachis hypogeae) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata walp.). The valorisation of this culture is one of the best alternatives to ensure the food security of populations faced with the decline in the production of food crops such as millet, sorghum or wheat. To achieve this goal, a better knowledge of the genetic diversity of this culture is more than necessary. Therefore, followed by exploration of accessions collection was made across the country. All the areas visited were geo referenced and a map has been prepared. In total one hundred and fifteen (115) Bambara groundnut accessions were collected within six (6) regions of Niger with fifty (50) locations visited throughout the different growing areas. Fourteen morphotypes numbered Ne-01 to Ne-14 were identified after the collection. Following carried out discussions, the yellow color Ne-01 morphotype is the most appreciated both by producers and consumers. It is also clear that this culture of Bambara groundnut is practiced on small areas by both women and men. The choice of the seedling period is the same as well among women than among men. The production is destined for self-consumption or for sale depending on the quantity harvested. Chemicals, ash, salt, natron, cans are commonly used for the seeds conservation. Several types of dishes are made based of Bambara groundnut. In addition, Bambara groundnut has therapeutic values in some farmer's areas.