Urolithiasis is defined as the result of abnormal development of the normal constituents of urine within the urinary tract. For a long time, it was called stone sickness, from the Greek "lithos" which means stone. Calcium-calcium lithiasis formed from calcium (Ca) and oxalate (Ox) are by far the most common. The present work is devoted to the study of the inhibitory effect of crystalluria, which may be present in aqueous extracts of fruit byproducts such as carob, lemon and orange pulp. The objective is that the valorization of its agrifood by-products may be related to the antilithiasic effect of their aqueous extracts. Urine samples from human patients were collected in the Regional Hospital Center of the Beni Mellal-Khénifra area in Morocco. The identification of crystalluria and the enumeration of the identified crystals was carried out by polarizing light optical microscope (PLOM). Solutions of aqueous extracts of the pulps of the three fruits were prepared at different concentrations to evaluate the count, on the PLOM, of calcium oxalate crystals formed. The pulps of the three by-products (carob, lemon and orange) have an inhibitory effect for the formation of crystals, especially in the case of lemon. According to the obtained results, it is found that at the 0.25 g / l concentration of the aqueous extract, for each of the three types of carob, lemon and orange pulp, around 50% of the number of the calcium oxalate disappears. In addition, it is found that for the aqueous extract of carob pulp at the three concentrations 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625 g / l, comparing the results on the aqueous solution of calcium oxalate and the urine of the patient lithiasic, we note that the inhibitory effect is not clear. However, the two extracts of lemon and orange pulps have an inhibitory effect on crystalluria for the three concentrations of the extracts.

In Morocco, some so called ‘‘forgotten fruits’’ such as the ‘‘Zizyphus Lotus’’ fruits and the ‘‘Arbutus Unedo’’ fruits can be valorized in the context of regional sustainable development as local products. In addition, there is a rapidly increasing prevalence of the urolithiasis in the world. The Urolithiasis involves the formation of crystalline aggregates called "urinary stones" that are developed in the urinary tract, usually in the kidneys or ureters, but may also affect the bladder or urethra. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro anti-lithiasic activity of selected ‘‘forgotten fruits’’. The anti-lithiasic activity was evaluated against the aggregation of calcium oxalate. ‘‘Zizyphus Lotus’’ - and ‘‘Arbutus Unedo’’ fruits samples were taken from six zones from Beni Mellal-Khenifra region. The seed of the two fruits species were subjected to a grinding mortar. The samples have been subsequently, submitted a cold maceration using distilled water during 48 hours. The study of the crystallization of calcium oxalate has been carried out by the polarizing optical microscope (PLM). Some aqueous extracts have an anti-crystallization effect on the aqueous solution of the studied lithogenous species.

The majority of the analyzed calculi from patients are composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) monohydrate whewellite (Wh) and CaOx dihydrate wedellite (Wd). The urinary calculi were identified by chemical and morphological analysis based on106 urine samples from human voluntary. The Crystalluria made by an optical polarized light microscopy. The oxaluria and urinary calcium were determined by conventional volumetric assays. The aim of this paper was to develop a simple system to predict and classify the type of crystalluria using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) algorithm.

In the context of sustainable development and promoting natural resources, some forgotten fruits such as the Zizyphus Lotus can be developed as local products. In addition, the frequency of Urolithiasis multiplied increasingly rapidly in the world. The Urolithiasis involves the formation of crystalline aggregates called "urinary stones" developed in the urinary tract, usually in the kidneys or ureters, but may also affect the bladder or urethra. The objective of this study is to study in vitro the crystallization of calcium oxalate as a lithogenic species and to investigate the inhibitory effect of aqueous jujube extracts on the crystallization of calcium oxalate in order to exploit it. Six jujube fruit samples were taken from six geographical zones from Beni Mellal-Khenifra region. These fruit - seed samples were separated from their seeds. The pulps were subjected to a grinding mortar so as to have fine powder. The samples have been subsequently, submitted a cold maceration during 48 hours. The study of the crystallization of calcium oxalate is carried out by the optical microscope with polarized light (MLP). Some aqueous extracts have an anti-lithiasic effect on the aqueous solution of the lithogenous species studied.

The objective of the present work is the evaluation of the nutritional and organoleptic properties of olive oils from oil mills in the rural commune of Tagzirt, area of Beni Mellal (center of Morocco) by a physicochemical characterization of their compositions. Fifteen samples of olive oils extracted from the Moroccan Picholine variety were collected from traditional oil mills. Physicochemical analyzes of free acidity, peroxide value, refractive index, density, K232, K270 and K, the chlorophyll content, the content of phenolic compounds, the α-tocopherol content and oleic acid proportion were conducted according to the standards of the International Olive Council (IOC). The results were used to classify the oils studied according to their quality standards. The data obtained confirm that the conditions of harvesting, crushing and storage of olive oils affect the quality of produced oil. Therefore, we must educate farmers on the importance of improving practices and cultivation techniques and the owners of oil mills as regards the storage, processing and storage of oils.

The production of sugar from the sugar industry generates by-products such pulp which is directly valued in animal alimentation. Knowing that pulp is a perishable food it's conservation as silage is the best solution from the economic, social and environmental side on condition to know well I

Thanks to its nutritional value, its cosmetic and therapeutic properties, virgin olive oil (VOO) is becoming as a food in the

The goal of this study is to develop a simple intelligent urolithiasis diagnosis system. The accuracy of the system was determined by comparing the recognition rates of the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)-, k-nearest Neighbor (kNN)-, and Support Vector Machines (SVM) algorithms. The results showed that the ANN model was superior to SVM and KNN models in prediction. We aimed through this work to classify the subjects in three classes according to the chemical concentrations of variables (Ca, Ox, pCaOx, Ca/ Ox) using and according to their clinical status. The ANN model, used to determine the first class that contains the subjects presenting their urine a calcium oxalate monohydrate (CaC2O4,H2O : whewellite (Wh)) crystal type. This ANN model reached a correct prediction rate of 85.3%. Using SVM- and KNN model the correct prediction rate reached 82.6% and 65.55% respectively. The second class contains the subjects presenting a calcium oxalate dihydrate (CaC2O4,2H2O wedellite (Wd)) crystal type. The ANN-, SVM- and KNN model reached a 93.4%-, 94.2%- and 77.25% correct prediction rate, respectively. In third class that corresponds to the subjects who have negative crystalluria (NC), ANN-, SVM- and KNN model reached a 91.7%-, 87.8%- and 69.77% correct prediction rate, respectively. Compared to SVM- and KNN models, the developed system using ANN model has allowed us to discriminate the subjects. This system is important in clinical laboratories since it could be a helpful tool for provide information about the development, formation of urinary stones crystals and the determination of their crystal type.

The present work reports a comparative study of spontaneous crystalluria for non- and goitrous patients with the aim to determine its correlation with parathyroid gland activity and goiter etiology. The crystalluria was accessed based on optical polarized light microscopy (OPLM). Goiter presents high woman predominance with an average age of 35.6 years. The frequency of majority constituents in crystalluria is age dependent and amorphous complex carbonated phosphates (ACCP) and uric acid (UA) are the frequent chemical species. The observed hyperphosphaturia can be explained by the estrogen's activity on parathyroid cells proliferation. The presence of oxalo-calcic crystalluria confirms hyperparathyroidism as one of the hypercalciuric kidney stone etiology. Clinical goiter diagnostic and treatment could be followed and confirmed by a simple fluctuations follow-up of crystalluria composition according to phosphate and calcium species.

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from hulls of Vitexdoniana by H3PO4 treatment was investigated for its efficiency in methylene blue (MB) and of methyl orange (MO) adsorption in aqueous solution. The characterizations of materials are carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), pH (6.2) and the iodine index measurement which showed that our powder activated carbon is primarily made up of meso and macro pores. The influence of major parameters governing the efficiency of the process such as, solution pH, sorbent dose, initial concentration, ionic strength and contact time on the removal process was explored. The Times of balance of adsorption are obtained to 40 and 50 minutes respectively for the MB and MO. The outputs of elimination of the molecules of the MB and MO to this balance are respectively to 85.92% and 46.60%. The variation of pH showed that the maximum of adsorption of the MB is with pH=10 and for MO, the maximum of adsorption is with pH=3. Four theoretical adsorption isotherms namely Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin -Radushkevic were used to describe the experimental results. The models of Temkin and Dubinin- Radushkevic describe better the adsorption of the methylene blue. The model of Langmuir is that which corroborates, better than others, with the experimental results in the case of methyl orange. The reaction of adsorption of the two dyes is endothermic and the mechanism of adsorption is chemical. The pseudo-first order kinetic models, pseudo second order, Elovich and intra particulate have been applied to the experimental data and that which is appropriate is the kinetic model of pseudo second order.

Therapeutic efficiency of virgin olive oil components, like antioxidants, has been proved. Moreover, the adulteration of virgin olive oil by the refined olive oil is a known fraudulent practice in non formal markets in some developing countries. In Morocco, there is a need of non expensive and fast tool to quantify the adulteration of virgin olive oil by the refined one. That is why we used a coupling between Fourier transform middle infrared spectroscopy, as a non expensive analysis technique, and Euclidean distance and hierarchical ascending cluster methods.
Virgin olive oil was extracted from ''Picholine'' cultivar olives in Tadla Azilal area, in Morocco. Fourier transform middle infrared spectroscopic parameters of prepared mixtures of virgin and refined olive oils have been used to determine the adulteration. The result of the Euclidean Distance concerning such an adulterated virgin olive oil has allowed the quantification of the adulteration percentage. The results of the hierarchical ascending cluster could provide a fast classification of virgin oil oils. Thanks to its rapidity and relatively low cost, coupling between middle infrared spectroscopy and chemometric methods would be an efficient tool to ensure authentication and traceability of virgin olive oil.