The petrographic and geochemical study of the geological formations of Tabou and Grand-Béréby area located in SASCA domain (south-west of the Ivory Coast) show a strong foliated paragneisses. These gneisses are characterized by an alternation of dark layers of garnet-biotite-sillimanite and millimeter-thick leucocratic quartz-feldspar-cordierite bands. The mineralogical assembly thus described indicates a high grade metamorphism (granulite-facies). The major and traces elements made it possible to force the paragneisses protoliths. Thus this study shows that paragneisses are composed by greywackes and derived from source areas of felsic to intermediate composition. Their chondrite normalized REE patterns show a moderate LREE enrichment (LaN/YbN= 6,90-38,36) and a flat heavy rare earth patterns (HREE) This spectrum is almost identical to those of the Post-Archean average Australian Shale and Early Proterozoic Greywackes. Geochemical data also suggest that paragneisses are set up in a tectonic environment of active continental margin and continental island arc.

The Ablo is a cereal product fermented. It is considered like humid, slightly salty and sugary bread, cooked steam and sold under shape of wads. The objective of the survey is to have present quantitative and qualitative data on the production and the merchandising of Ablo in Benin. The methodology adopted consist to do an investigation of land in some townships of the center (Abomey, Bohicon, Covè) and of the south (Abomey-Calavi, Comè, Cotonou) Benin by the producers and sellers of Ablo. The results of our investigations showed that the production and the sale of Ablo is exclusively an activity feminine, casual, economically profitable and constitute a source of employment. It generates incomes and allows the producers and sellers to face their daily needs including those of their families. The Ablo is prepared mainly from the corn and rice and is consumed alone or accompanied of pimento or frying with fried fish or of the fried meat.

The Congolese state by its constitution of February 18, 2016 in Articles 22 and 37 enshrines the rights free access to any person to express his faith through a church of their choice. However, this freedom is often badly exploited by the followers of these churches called awakening, the most involved in day length pray and sing ignoring the neighborhood that is to say the environment in which they operate. The sounds they produce are an inconvenience to others, which sounds prejudice to the environment. These uproars are often a source of conflict between the authors and the surrounding people often feel a pop, so that some people are forced to enter the judicial bodies or municipal authorities to stress the churches to reduce their noise or outright stop. But often these disputes are ongoing and the state fails to apply the rigor of the law in this matter against offenders. While CCCLIII Article 258 provides for penalties and compensation from the author of the unlawful act to benefit the victims of these uproars.

Floral morphology of the date palm was studied to complement the knowledge of its floral structure and trace the evolution of single carpel fruit. This results in the morphological transformation of the ovary, consisting of three carpels, mortification style, and the degeneration of the twin carpels. The morpho-histological changes are monitored before and after pollination. The three carpels have very specific positions relative to the petals. Carpel two twin white and of the same size are carried by the same petal. They are different from the third carpel worn only by the 3rd petal. Development continues, the size of the third carpel becomes larger than twins carpel. After pollination, the white color of the carpel first turns green. Dissection carpel, exposing the eggs, let’s see that the three eggs are colored pink, but one is more colorful than the other two. Only the carpel containing a strongly colored egg develops into fruit. The other two degenerate by a deposit of polyphenols. A histological study has tracked the decline twins carpel and training the embryo sac of the third carpel. These studies show the change in color of the egg from the translucent natural state to a pink coloring corresponds to the increase in the mitotic intensity nucellar cells. The change from pink to white of the fertilized ovum after formed the embryo sac becomes a seed.

Our research focuses on Technology for Human Learning, particularly on assistance to learners in their online learning courses. This method of learning has profoundly benefited from important technological innovation of the 21st century, and the emergence of the Web 2.0. The integration of social networks at the distance learning systems, focused on new features for users, which changed their behavior in the web and created a new methods of collaboration and information sharing. Our approach is to integrate a social network at our distance learning platform and conducted experiments to observe and study the behavior of learners in these new platforms.

Tata territory at south-east of Morocco is rich in natural potentials. Its relief is composed of Precambrian and Paleozoic lands that are shaped by tectonics and erosion, thus giving rise to landscapes of different forms and values. The geomorphosites that multiply through the Tata-Tagmoute way are very interesting for Earth Sciences. They represent an excellent archive of phenomena and processes which have led to the deformation of the crust. This article aims to contribute to the understanding of the conditions of the genesis of these geomorphosites and to the assessment of their geodidactic and geotouristic involvement in the local economy of this landlocked arid zone.

The progressive loss of kidney function is associated with an inflammatory state and functional defects of the innate and adaptive immune system. The combined effects of increased activation and immune dysfunction could explain the susceptibility of patients in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) to viral and bacterial infections, their weak responses to vaccination and increased risk of malignant tumors and cardiovascular disease. It is important to underline that these immune complications mainly affect patients on dialysis. The mechanisms of these immunological disturbances observed in ESRD patients are still unclear. Early identification of chronic kidney disease allows implementing interventions to slow the progression to ESRD. Therefore, measures aimed at attenuating immune abnormalities in ESRD should be a main research area as this could lead to increased survival and better quality of life in HD patients.

The focus in recent years has been on process improvements that lead to enhanced recovery of phosphorus from wastewater. This study was designed to develop a methodology based on the operating results of numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. The developed methodology is meant to determine the conditions favoring the maximum efficiency for the recovery of calcium phosphates. It concerns the modeling of chemical equilibria, for calculating the rate of conversion of phosphate depending on the pH and the reactant concentration of the developed reaction and their dependence on supersaturation. To measure the phosphate conversion rate, experiments were carried out in aqueous solution at different pH (from 9.5 to 11.5) for molar ratios of initial ion concentrations of Ca / P in different temperature (25 ° C). These conditions were chosen to cover the pH values at which calcium phosphate crystallizes easily. In order to achieve a visible precipitate and phosphorus removal efficiency close to 90%, 2 hours contact time was also required. The precipitation / crystallization process was then studied using the VISUAL MINTEQ program as a predictive tool to determine the conditions that affect the saturation index as a dependent function of the pH and the concentration of calcium, revealing the existence of three different stages.

A lot of media and scientists think about theory round innovation growth speed and evaluate our future with some theories like “singularity” or “Transhumanism”. But, is there any demonstration of innovation growth speed? Proving that we are tantamount to converge on an artificial intelligence in 2057 is not obvious. This article aims at putting innovation into a mathematical equation to evaluate how innovation growth behave and trying to find a natural trend. What are different factors that influence this equation? Does Mankind influence this growth and how? These are the purposes of this article. Why do we need to impact this trend and how do we have to behave in face of these disturbing theories?

The Islamic finance develops rapidly and its activity draws several stakeholders, Morocco is considered as one of the few Arab-Muslim countries not to have Islamic Bank. Morocco has everything to gain by integrating the Islamic finance. Who can bring fresh resources, and inject a new blood in our economy. Through our research we wonder about the place of Islamic finance in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, thanks in particular to an offer of financial products complementary to the classical system, which allows to meet the growing needs of SMES who struggle yet to find adequate sources of funding. We are going to present in a first time the Islamic financial system by focusing on the products of this branch of the conventional finance, and also the products offered by this new industry. In a second time we discuss the contribution of the conventional Finance in Morocco in relation to small and medium-sized enterprises.

The current study was carried out in 24 New Zealand white rabbits (2.0-2.5 kg) to evaluate cefquinome residues in their tissues (kidney, liver, and muscle) following intramuscular (IM) administration of 2 mg/kg of body weight, once daily for 3 consecutive days. The solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography were used to determine cefquinome concentrations in tissue samples. We found that cefquinome was highly concentrated in the kidney followed by the liver, while traces of it were detected in muscles. Cefquinome was not detected in kidney on the 24th day post-administration, while it disappeared from liver and muscle tissues on 7th and 3rdday post-administration, respectively. The withdrawal periods were established based on European UnionMaximum Residue Levels (EU MRL) using the statistical method (95% tolerance limit and 95% confidence) stated in the guidance and the withdrawal time calculation program WT1.4 which was developed by Germany and adopted by the Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products (CVMP) of EU. The suggested preslaughter periods are: 10 days for kidney, 2 days for liver and 1 day for muscle.

Chimpanzees communities depend highly on plant resources availability and the stability of their habitats. To characterize the territories of chimpanzees living in Taï National Park, this study aimed to analyze species diversity and structural parameters of these habitats. Rectangular transect of 93 ha were established in three chimpanzee territories. On each transect, trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were identified, measured, and counted. Two hundred sixty four (264) plant species belonging to 180 genera and 52 botanical families were recorded in the three territories. The most important families are Ebenaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae. The dominant plant species are Diospyros mannii, Calpocalyx brevibracteatus, and Coula edulis. The chimpanzees feed on the leaves and fruits of these three species. The studied territories present a density (486.5 individuals/ha) and a basal area (30.88 m2/ha) similar to those of most of tropical forests. Vegetation structure reveals that those habitats are stable with high regeneration capacity. By contributing to a best knowledge of chimpanzees’ habitats, this study establishes a scientific base for their communities monitoring in the Taï National Park.

The three dimensional upholstery is considered as one of the fabrics which have distinctive technical and aesthetic values. This effect comes from the presence of projections or wrinkles in the fabric which leads to better aesthetic nature and decorative sense. This in turn enriches the appearance of these types of fabrics. The three dimensional effect can be obtained through several production methods. This research is concerned with the possibility of obtaining projections and heights (three dimensional effects) on the surface of the fabrics through altering the applied production method used in weaving or finishing stages then studying the effect of each applied method on the physical and mechanical properties of the upholstery fabrics. Four fabrics having the same design were produced by different applied methods to achieve three dimensional effect then these fabrics were tested for essential functional properties such as tensile strength, tear strength, stiffness and abrasion resistance. The test results obtained showed that sample which was produced by weft backed cloth method has scored the highest value for tensile strength in warp direction and abrasion resistance.

Across the northwestern Tabular Middle Atlas of Morocco there are many examples of geomorphosites providing key evidence of a particular moment or period in Earth history. Such Earth heritage sites are important for educating the general public in environmental matters. They also serve as tools for demonstrating sustainable development and for illustrating methods of site conservation, as well as remembering that geomorphosites form an integral part of the natural world. A detailed geomorphological study has been carried out in the area of the northwestern Tabular Middle Atlas of Morocco using a combination of high resolution satellite data and direct field observations integrated by geological maps and scientific literature. In order to describe and evaluate the geomorphological heritage of this area, 24 geomorphosites have been selected comprising springs, karst landforms (polje, dolines, caves, sinkholes, stone forests, cryptokarstic dolines), carbonate depositional landforms (travertines and waterfalls), and volcanic landforms (volcanoes, caldeira, pyroclastic cones, lava tube). The results of this research have been summarised in a thematic map, representing the geomorphosites related to various landscape units. The significance of certain sites for aesthetic or tourism reasons is obvious. There are numerous geomorphosites, which could contribute to effective exploitation of geotourism, often in conjunction with ecotourism. The strategy employed in such sites involves close consultation with all communities in the vicinity of each geomorphosite and is not only aimed at tourism and education, but also at sustainable improvement of infrastructures of the people of this area. Geological heritage sites, properly managed, can generate employment and new economic activities, especially in regions in need of new or additional sources of income.

Tafilalet, circuit of the oases, are located at the South-East of Morocco corresponds to Wilaya of Draa-Tafilalet. It gathers the provinces : Midelt, Errachidia, Tinghir and Ouarzazate. The province of Errachidia, zone of study, contains in its administrative unit the following municipalities : Errachidia, Goulmima, Tinjdad, Erfoud, Errissani and Boudnib. The region of Errachidia, constitutes of the principal geomorphological entities of North to South : the carbonated Jurassic High-Atlas, the cretaceous bassin Boudnib-Ouarzazate with oases characteristic of this bioclimatic zone ressemblignthe « islands in the saharan desert » and the Anti-Atlasic chain dominated by a Precambrien basewich supports with its back a thick cover of the Paleozoic. In the tourist littérature of Morocco and many web sites nationals and internationals, refer to the gravitational landscapes in the Moroccan south among which geomorphosites of the province of Errachidia, considered by a very diversified geology, a very contrasted geomorphology offering superb landscapes carved by many meteoricerosive phases since the beginning of the Quaternary one strewn with serval endemicoases. Such is the primary reason of this research task from of point of view to promote geo-eco-tourism for the sustainable development of this area. Several tourist routes cross the zone of study. It presents two important routes such as the Amellagou-Tinjdad circuit and the Errachidia-Ettaous circuit. While liking it self of tourism of mountain of the High-Atlas of the rural communes of Amellagou and Aghbalou N’kerdous, we will review some summary aspects of natural sites of this presaharien field deserving guided tours in particular geomorphosites hydrogeologic and karstic, following the road curves of the Gheriswadi, appears on its side, a geomorphlogical landscape named « Asdram » of a distance from important observation offers a beautiful vision on the synclinorium infracenomanien. And while arrivingat the South of geomorphosites of the sedimentological type in particular the deposits of travertineuses layers meadows of the emergence of the sources. One proposess for this tourist way to make know a methodology of evaluation of the geosites recentlyused in the literature relating to the geological heritage in Switzerland, in Italy, in France and Romania following the many requests to share it with an aim of showing the wealth and the importance of the local geodiversity, methodology discusses the structure of the cards of evaluation, the scientific, didactic evaluation and of the additional parameters as well as the attribution of the various scores.

In the offshore basin of Benin, some sediments of Albian age were identified. These sediments are gathered in formation named “Albian Formation”. At regionally scale, they are targeted for petroleum exploration and production. This paper aims to precise the petrographic and structural features of these sediments. Petrographic analyzes reveal the presence of two dominant facies (a main sandy facies and a shale facies which is thicker in deep offshore). Sandstones are very compact, gray to dark gray, and composed mainly of sharp and subrounded quartz grains of various sizes. Shales are massive, gray to blackish and friable to compact. Seismic sections interpretations show that Albian formation is generally continuous, of more or less constant thick and little varied lithological composition in East-West direction. In North-South direction, the formation gradually thick towards the offshore and become significantly reduced in very deep water. The formation is affected by normal and combined faults as well as by reverse faults of NE-SW and NW-SE trends. Structural traps of hydrocarbons are more present in shallow deep offshore while, in deep offshore, traps are essentially of stratigraphic type.

The woman is often considered as the basis of the development without we know the ways by which she reaches there. So in certain countries as Togo, thanks to the apprenticeship, the woman, in particular the girl of today succeeds and gives way in the "society of the people ", and this is true in spite of the difficulties which she faces. To encircle better the impact of the learning and the exercise of a job on the emancipation of the girl in urban zones, we were interested in the city of Vogan. Through this study, the link between the doing of a job and the emancipation of the girl is established, and we highlighted the measure at which these activities they excel.

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease widespread in Côte d'Ivoire. Due to lack of attention, little is currently known about the pattern of the spread of schistosomiasis and the potential links with climate variability. The aim of this study to examine the relationship between the variability of climate parameters and the spatiotemporal distribution urinary schistosomiasis. The data used in rainfall, temperature and the number bilharzia cases recorded over the period 1996-2013. Overall, the results show a significant decrease of schistosomiasis in region Marahoué. The spatial distribution shows that large cities and areas near rivers and lakes are the most endemic. The analyzes indicate a decrease in schistosomiasis during the rainy season from april to july and increased during the dry season from december to march. In addition, a significant linear correlation was found between the annual mean maximum temperature (0.8 to Bouaflé, 0.66 and 0.34 to Sinfra Zuénoula).

In Ghana, solid waste collection and disposal services over the years have become the bane of Metropolitan and Municipal Assemblies. Among the obstacles to effective solid waste management in Ghana, inadequate and unsustained financing have been identified to be the most important. To help provide a sustainable means of financing solid waste management in the Kumasi Metropolis, the metropolis has instituted a Pay As You Throw system (PAYT), dubbed City-Wide Solid Waste Collection Levy Scheme. This paper therefore examines the impact of this program on solid waste collection effectiveness. The indicators used were money generated from communities, and solid waste handling since the introduction of the program. It was found that there has been an improvement in the handling of solid waste, and also the program had resulted in increase in revenue stream and a reduction of cost on the central government.

Morocco provides a large botanical treasure which can be the source of many interesting products for the development of new insecticides. The purpose of this study was to validate the therapeutic properties of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. used heavily in Moroccan traditional medicine, to determine the chemical composition of its essential oils (EO) and to assess its insecticidal activity against Bruchus rufimanus .The leaves and flowers of M. suaveolens Ehrh. were collected in two regions of Morocco (Middle Atlas and Loukkos). The chemical composition of EO was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. 41 The Constituents representative (99.12%) from that of Loukkos whereas 35 constituents representative (99.60%) of the Middle Atlas, the majority compound of the two oils is the oxide of piperitenone. The probabilities of survival and the values of the LC50 and LC99 reveal that the EO of M. suaveolens Ehrh. presents a strong insecticidal activity. This toxicity increases with the increase of the concentration and the duration of exposure. After 24h of exposure the EO of Loukkos proves to be more active than that of Middle Atlas. Therefore the insecticidal activity is intimately linked to the chemical composition of the oils tested. It can be inferred that the yield and the chemical composition of EO that were studied vary in function of the region of the plant as well as these oils studied can be used as botanical insecticides against B. rufimanus.

This biometric study was made on four Moroccan populations of sand sole obtained from the main fishing ports of the Atlantic central area (Safi, Essaouira, Agadir and Ifni). A total of 252 individuals were taken from commercial captures. Seven meristics characters were counted and fourteen morphometrics parameters were measured to reveal possible geographical variations of this species. The test of Kruskal-Wallis shows a significant difference at 5 % for the four meristics values in whole sites. The morphometric treatment of variables by PCA shows a strong percentage of variance expressed by the first of three components. All the variables are correlated to the first main component, except the pre-orbital distance (LPO) and the pre-dorsal distance (LPD). The ascending linear discriminating analysis, confirms 90 % of classification of the individuals of the four stations, 9 of 14 characters morphometrics analyzed are discriminating. The morphometrics result in our Study area presents geographical variations of the population of sole pole.

In most cases of failure of dikes, hydraulic fracturing is the evoked main cause. Severalauthors analyzed the properties of soils under mechanic and hydric solicitation. However, these analyses do nottake into account the chemical influence of the liquid percolating the matrix of soil. This article analyzes theimpact of the liquid effluents emanating from ore concentrators on the behavior of compacted lateritic soils inwaste containment dikes. It emphasizes the shear strengthparameters of the compacted laterites andpercolated by liquid effluents with different chemical nature. Demineralized water was taken as prototype. The tests include the shear strength measures consolidated drained and undrainedwhen thespecimens were imbibed with the different fluids. The results show that acid and basic liquid effluents affect the shear strength parameters and the strainmodulesareappreciably modified. The effect of the initial suctions and the density before the imbibition was alsoinvestigated, what reveals that the fall of shear strength parameters of lateritic soils, on wetting path (during the passage of the state partially saturated in the saturated state), is all the rougher as the moisture content of implementation during compaction is widely lower than the optimum water content. However, structural changes caused by initialsaturation and density of specimens seem to be more important for explaining the volumetric and deviator behavior than chemical interaction.

The study was realized to evaluate the soil fertility potential in cocoa in Côte d’Ivoire. A total of 140 farmers’ plots from 14 producing regions were randomly selected for soil sampling in the 0-20 cm horizon. Soil samples for chemical analyses were performed on the following parameters: pH-water, total organic C, total N, available P and exchangeable cations. Both organic C and total N were low. Although, available P was rated high Low. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) was an indication that the soils have low potential for plant nutrients retention. A guided fertilizer usage should be recommended to cocoa farmers to boost the productivity of the cash crop.

Many researchers in image and video processing field test the effectiveness of the proposed or existing methods depended on the assumption that the brightness or illumination in scene is static among all sequenced images or frames. So they used synthetic dataset with frames contain approximately static blurriness degrees. This is not practical in the real world. In this paper, a method of generating synthetic blurred video dataset with frames containing different blur variances to solve this problem. The result showed that the proposed algorithm has ability to produce useful blurred dataset with having different blurriness values.

The Chari-Baguirmi aquifer, located East of Lake Chad, is the main source of water in this region. The groundwater piezometry is marked by a large depression. The work presented here aims to understand the development of this depression. The approach is based on a sedimentological study coupled to a hydrogeochemical study of the groundwater. The sedimentological analysis revealed the grain size heterogeneity of the different layers. Clay mineralogy showed that the deposition of sediments takes place from the periphery to the center of the depression. This sedimentation mode suggests the existence of a morphological cuvette to which sediments are driven by the transport agent. We deduced the existence of a "structural" depression unlike the common assumption of an origin due to accentuated evaporation of the groundwater over the depression area. The combined study of chloride and oxygen-18 has shown that the area between Lake Chad and the piezometric depression is a special evaporation zone. This means that the process of evaporation of groundwater does not occur mainly in the center of the depression. The first results of this work provide new insights into the functioning of this important aquifer system and the establishment of the large Chari Baguirmi piezometric depression.

Migration of device intrauterine (IUD) are exceptional, particularly within the fallopian tube. The authors report a case of complicated pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal migration, one month after the insertion of an IUD. They recall the interest of radiographic and ultrasound scans in the diagnosis of this complication. Removal of the IUD was conducted by a mini laparotomy.

Students’ performance in the area of mathematics is a topic of concern in the whole word, with several reports documenting the need of effective instruction to boost students’ achievement. However, what type of math instruction will most effectively raise students’ achievement remains a matter of debate. Problem-based learning is a promising methodology for engaging and motivating students’ learning while increasing their math concepts and skills. Problem solving is central to mathematics. Problem solving should be the site in which all of the strands of mathematics proficiency converge. It should provide opportunities for students to weave together the strands of proficiency and for teachers to assess students’ performance on all of the strands. Problem solving approach guides students through complex problems and it must remain part of day-to-day instruction because solving problems is central to doing and learning mathematics. We have provided and discussed effective teaching and learning methods from the literature as well as making suggestions and recommendations to use problem-solving methods during instruction in the classroom.

The most of groundwater in Katiola area present high relatively proportions of iron. Previous works indicate that over 67% of collected water have iron proportions above the WHO guideline value which is 0.3 mg L-1. If iron and manganese do not pose serious health risks, their presence may indicate that groundwater is of poor quality and may be indicative of an existence of other problems that could cause adverse health effects. Therefore, this study aims to determine the origin of iron in groundwater of the area study and give answers to high iron contents. To achieve this goal, we applied multivariate analysis (CNPA and CAH) on the results of physico chemical analysis and overlay maps of iron distribution with geological map. The results of the ACPN indicate that; solubility of iron and manganese increases in anoxic conditions. The overlay map of iron concentration distribution of with geological map shows that, high iron levels are found in greater proportion in the biotite’s granites; suggesting their origin related to the geology of the area study.

The aim of this paper is to study of the thermal degradation of Tunisian olive stones by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) device, under nitrogen atmosphere. Thermogravimetric analysis of different particles sizes (0.63-2.5mm) was evaluated. The effect of heating rates has been performed. Results showed that particles sizes don't have any effect on the pyrolysis of olive stones whereas the decomposition process is shifted to higher temperature zone with heating rate increasing. Three different kinetic models, the iso-conversional; kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Ozawa-Flynn-Wall methods and Coats Redfern model were applied on TGA data of olive stones (OS) to calculate the kinetic parameters including activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction order. Simulation of olive stones pyrolysis using data obtained from TGA analysis showed good agreement with experimental data for all models. The dependence of the apparent activation energy determined using kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) methods, on the conversion degree reveals that pyrolysis progress rather through multi-steps kinetics.

The aim of this article is to examine the impact of polygamous family system on the aggressiveness of the teenage girl on the mother. In Cameroon, as in many other sub-Saharan Africa countries, the concept of polygamy is still highly valued, but faced with conflict and suffering between parent and teenager, especially in the absence of the father. The exploitation of the two clinical viewpoints helped highlight the reality by which the absence of the father in a polygynous family is a source of conflict between the girl and the mother and this is a source the dislocation of the family structure. This backdrop is perceived as an object of family disintegration. But that said, it remains important that the acknowledge that polygynous family is not in essence a source of conflict. The lack of emotional investment of father towards the girl leaves the family in a deep emotional suffering state leading the teenage girl in a process of deconstruction of acquired values that cause the violence of this girl towards her mother, running away from home, aggression, drug consumption.