The aim of this research is to investigate the association between the audit quality and financial reporting disclosure in Romania for the companies which adopted the International Financial Reporting Standards for the first time. Due to the fact that the year 2012 represents the year in which Romanian entities listed on the regulated market had to prepare their individual financial statements in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the research methodology investigates the financial statements for the year 2012 for 61 companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange. After conducting univariate and multivariate tests, the results indicate that in the case of Romanian listed companies, there are significant differences in terms of disclosure exposure and disclosure quality between the companies audited by a Big 4 audit firm and those audited by a non-Big 4 external auditor.

Most of the studies prove that the employees of the public sector organization are more loyal with the organization but the productivity level of government organization is not as much impressive as the private sector, that create question mark on employees satisfaction and employees loyalty. Keeping in view this phenomena this study is been conducted with a sample of 42 employees from public sector organization. The main concern of this study is to have the positive change in the government sector organization by influencing the behaviour of the government employees and by increasing their satisfaction level and the loyalty. That is only possible by having the knowledge of the relationship between the employee's satisfaction and loyalty, particularly related to the public sector, and what are the aspects that are supporting and directing their relationship. Simple regression and correlation technique has been used in this study to know the impact of the factor affecting the employee's satisfaction and employee's loyalty. The results of the study revealed a positive relationship between employees loyalty and employees satisfaction. Employee's satisfaction is measure with respect to empowerment and participation, working condition and training & development. The results show that the selected variables have significantly and positively affecting the employee's satisfaction and the employee's satisfaction has positively related with employee's loyalty.

The purpose of this paper is to define a new class of continuous functions called Soft πg-continuous functions and Soft πg-irresolute functions in soft topological spaces. We get several characterizations and some of their properties. Also we investigate its relationships with other soft continuous functions.

The aim of this search is to study the relation between crisp set, fuzzy set, soft set and study the relation between topological space, fuzzy topological space, soft topological space.

This study aims to value the traditional manufacturing process of "tchakpalo" produced with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) and its stabilization by H. bracteosa (Benth) sheet. A survey was conducted to identify the different manufacturing processes of tchakpalo in Benin. Major chemical groups characterizing the H. bracteosa (Benth) leaves were identified by technique using suitable solvents. The antifungal properties of aqueous extract of H. bracteosa (Benth) leaves were evaluated by the agar diffusion method against strains responsible of the rapid spoilage of the drink. Tannins, the cathechic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanes, saponins and mucilage are the predominant compounds of H. bracteosa (Benth) leaves. Antifungal activities of this plant varied depending on the test mold. The addition of the powder during the pasting showed its effect on physico-chemical parameters providing a slightly sweet drink, less acidic, with low alcohol content and makes stable drink with 64% inhibition on total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, 100% and 61% inhibition on mold and coliforms respectively, counted in the drink. In addition, the Hemizygia bracteosa (Benth) powder seems to have no effect on beneficial yeasts for fermentation that were eliminated by pasteurization.

To make an animation of a 3D model, it must be characterized by its shape by searching a hierarchical structure "skeleton" that best describes the shape of the object by describing the main joints and edges of the latter.
So our idea developed in this paper is to use a new approach to algorithm "Thinning" applied to 3D objects in a 2D view that will facilitate the extraction of these skeletons from these objects and to compare them with 3D objects voxels to accurately describe the morphology of the objects used and facilitate the recognition of 3D objects from their skeletons.

This study was dined in Miti, Bugorhe and Irhambi-Katana groupments.The purpose of this study is to determine the attitude that stick up the surrounding populations' vis-

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs when intra-abdominal contents herniate into the thoracic cavity through a defect in the diaphragm as a result of maldevelopment of fetal organs. It can be diagnosed in antenatal period with help of ultrasonography. Postnataly it presents soon after birth as respiratory distress along with a scaphoid abdomen. Radiological findings in a chest skiagram consist of bowel gas shadows in thoracic fields. We report here a case in which these pathognomonic features were not present making the diagnosis difficult. Repeated X ray chest films showed persistence of intrathoracic mass as no bowel shadows were visible. A CT scan with contrast of the chest was required to confirm the diagnosis later on.

Such as environmental responsibility in the management of companies has grown significantly over the past four decades, several corrective measures must be taken into account in the business such as adopting a preventive approach against the pollution of the environment, the implementation of environmental management, marketing green, green production and green innovation to address the environmental damage.

The effect of different temperature variations on the life table statistics of Bracon hebetor was observed. Longevity of male parasitoid was shorter than females at all temperature levels taken for experimentation. The progeny sex ratio was female biased at lower temperature variants in comparison to high temperature levels. The net fecundity rate (R0) and total fecundity rate (Rt) were higher at 30

The present study was conducted on development, quality evaluation and storage stability of weaning food using different levels of pulse flour, banana flour and pineapple pomace flour with respect to sensory quality and nutritional density and evaluated for its physico-chemical, sensory and microbial characteristics. Weaning foods were packed in HDPE and LDPE and were stored at ambient temperature. Eight blends, prepared with banana flour 30%, pulse flour and pineapple pomace flour were incorporated in the ratio 70:0, 65:5, 60:10, 55:15, 50:20, 45:25, 40:30, 35:35. The result indicated that a ratio of 50:30:20 percent pulse, banana and pineapple pomace respectively was optimal incorporation. The optimal value of moisture content was 3.87%, ash content 4.28%, fat content 2.1%, protein content 22.51% and ascorbic acid was 37.35 mg per 100g. During storage ash, protein, fat, and ascorbic acid decreases with increasing storage period. The sensory score of colour, flavor, taste, and texture was decreased slightly during storage. The microbial count was noticed 100

The study of the insects damaging the crops and vectors of diseases of rice culture in the marshy high land of Bugorhe area in Kabare district in South Kivu province in the East of Democratic Republic of Congo was conducted from August 2012 to December 2013 on the different phases of development of the culture. Samples were collected by means of a harvest spider and a suction device after each three days for a period of three cultural seasons. Information relating to the incidence of insects, frequency and the density of destruction of plants were recorded. The methods of observation and triangulation were adopted at random to select the lots of rice and collect insects. To identify insects, all keys were adopted. Other keys as for comparing species between them, were resorted to determine the number of insects studied, we resorted to the International Rice Research Institute Key. As result we have come up to notice: Insects damaging plants vary in number and quality of the different stages of the growth of rice culture.36 Species of insects have been recorded distributed into 16 families mainly Thripidae, pentatomydae, Coeidae, Cecidomyidae, Diopsidae, Pyralidae, Noctuidae, Acridoidae, Alididae, Delphacidae, Cynipidae, Coccinellidae, Chrysamelidae, Meloidae, Cynipidae, Scarabeidae and 7orders suck as Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, and Heteroptera. All the varieties of rice were attacked by the diseases of Bacteriosis, Pyriculariosis and the Rice Yellow Monttle Virus (RYMV) at the different stages of development of the plant. Species suck Nephottetis spp, are reported to be responsible of the Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) and the bacteria as Pseudomonas fuscovaginae and the fugus sarocladium oryzae causes different forms of bacteriosis observed in the rice culture in Bugorhe area.

The failure of the protein degradation machinery namely «the ubiquitin -proteasome pathway " is involved in the onset of various diseases. In particular with different forms of cancer, related to the degradation of proteins such as transcription factors, regulators cell cycle proteins or tumor suppressors. Mainly localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells, the proteasome can be detected in the cell culture supernatant or in the peripheral blood (plasma or serum) of patients. The aim of this work is to confirm a significant presence of circulating proteasome (1264

The demand for oil has been on the high in the recent past and will continue as search for sustainable alternative energy sources intensifies. The exploration and exploitation of oil from subsurface reservoirs have posed several environmental challenges which include flaring and improper water disposal to name a few, caused by excessive production of gas and water. Hence it is important to establish a reservoir performance monitoring scheme that will ensure that appropriate fluids are produced from the reservoir within the economic producing life of each well draining a given reservoir by monitoring the fluid contact levels. Furthermore, appropriate reservoir monitoring will help to improve productivity and recovery of old wells, calibrate predictive reservoir models and identify opportunities for optimum reservoir development. A key tool used in reservoir performance monitoring is the post production log, particularly the Pulsed Neutron Capture (PNC) and Pulsed Neutron Spectroscopy (PNS) logs which make use of high energy neutrons to determine the fluid contacts in the reservoir. This campaign however is very expensive; hence an alternative and less expensive method of determining and predicting the present and future fluid contacts will be discussed. This involves using calibrated material balance models to predict the fluid contacts based on the pore volume (voidage) replacement by the displacing fluid. This will help in generating fluid contacts on a more frequent time interval.

Fluid classification is a critical factor in decision of reservoir and production problems. Reservoir fluid can be classified into five types according to laboratory and production data as black oil, volatile oil, gas condensate, wet gas and dry gas. In this work a novel application of Neural Networks (ANN) is presented. Based on production and laboratory data neural networks model is developed for automatic classification of reservoir FLUID. More than 450 samples of five types of reservoir fluids are used to develop the neural network model. About 70 % of data are accepted for neural network training, 15 % for validation and 15 % are used as test set. The importance of different input fluid properties in classification was studied.
The different types of architectures for different groups of input data were tested to select the optimal neural network architecture by fitness criteria. The optimized neural network model was capable of classifying the reservoir fluids with high accuracy. The performance of ANNs models was determined by classification quality index and network error.
The model has been applied successfully to classification of Yemeni fluids using different range of parameters. The results show that the proposed novel ANN model can achieve high accuracy.

Objective.

Our work treats the problems of the measurement of performance, of the system of management of health and safety in the Moroccan industrial context having several specificities. It aims at the design of a system of performance indicators, allowing the piloting of the function of health and safety at work, by adopting prospective or anticipatory indicators of performance, contrary to the classical indicators of results, reflecting results passed in time and thus not allowing the correction of the dysfunctions in convenient time. Moreover, they give instantaneous values, being able to indicate values of erroneous results.
First of all, we conducted a bibliographical study of various methodologies of creation of a system of indicator of existing instrument, in order to be able to take logical and adaptable points in context of health and security at work. Then, a proper methodology was conceived. After that, we carried out our experiments within several Moroccan industries in order to take their real problems regarding health and safety at work and to be able thereafter to conceive an adapted, effective and efficient system of performance indicator. Finally, and while basing itself on our methodology, we designed an instrument panel of safety at work including of the indicators of performance for the whole of the system of management security in order to allow the performance evaluation as regards security at work and to thus guarantee better a decision making and an efficient piloting of this function.

The main objective of Remote Video Relay over LAN is to make a digitized visionary campus. The common problem in our campus is, if the same faculty handles the same subject for two (or) more classes, instead of delivering their lectures to each class at different times, our project introduces the delivering of lectures simultaneously to all the classes at a time. This can be done by the faculty from their respective areas. It is the easiest way of teaching and makes their work lesser and also we stream the video from one place to another place through LAN.
If a common message is to be conveyed to every student in a campus, usually the person has to move to all the classes to deliver the message .To overcome this, a live telecast is made from a single place to all the classes, so that everyone is supposed to view it from their respective places. For eg: If a Corporate HR, Director (or) Dean etc., has to pass any information to the students, it can be done through this method. This adds benefits at various places from our campus whenever there is a need for a common message to be passed. It's also time consuming and provides comfort ability. If any special programs are conducted, no separate space is provided for the audience. Hence it provides space compatibility. Sharing the files and message passing can also be done in this project.

Morocco produced more than 50000 tons of the chicken droppings of which its majority of 95% are used as source of amendment for agricultures without preliminary pre-treatment. At the time of the research of the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of this type of waste, we noticed that it presents potential risks of contamination of subsoil waters and surface. A higher content nitrogen (4,48%) which can be lost by leaching or streaming then is found partly in the ground water and surface waters thus causing a specific nitrogenised pollution and diffuse. The content of COT is of the order (16,5%) which can cause an organic pollution. The heavy ions and metals present a very high contents (Pb: 2,37 ; Zn: 196,35 ; Cu: 70,90 and K: 32,86 mg/kg), consequently presence of risk potential of dissolution of these elements in rain water and being to export towards the sources of water. The chicken droppings are charged in pathogenic bacteria mainly the staphilococca and enterobacteries which present contents very high with (114.108 and 154. 106 UFC/g). Consequently a real threat for waters ; This work opens new horizons for the search for treatment of this waste before it arrives at the source of water.

In the present work we used the quantum DFT method (density functional theory) B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) to determine the following: geometric optimization of interatomic distances in the reactants isopropyl dichloroacetate and isobutyraldehyde, transition states of the products obtained during the reaction between these two reactants, energies corresponding to reactants and products, electron density at certain atoms of the reactants, electrophilic and nucleophilic nature of the reactants, Fukui indices, condensed local softness values, local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices, certain thermodynamic values of the reaction (enthalpy, entropy, free enthalpy), location of the transition states, electronic populations of atoms and reactivity indexes calculated using natural population analysis (NPA), MK and CHelpG electrostatic population, analysis of potential energy surface and nature of the reaction mechanism.

Nine kinds of compost extracts were tested primarily for their efficiency, in vitro, against the causal agent of crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58). The most efficient extracts were then selected and bacteria contained in these extracts were isolated. Twenty-seven isolates bacteria were obtained and investigated in vitro with the objective of selecting efficient antagonists against crown gall disease. The bacterial activity is compared to the reference antagonist Agrobacterium rhizogenes K84 by the double layer method.
In vitro analyzing the antagonistic activity revealed that, after incubation at 27

The trypanosomiasis (human african trypanosomiasis, HAT and animal african trypanosomiasis, AAT) is still a life threating disease in some african regions and importunately this endemic disease is neglected, in other areas it has decreased due to an efficient control program by heath program policies still reported.
The South- Kivu province has registrated 556 cases of HAT in 2010 and 2011. The territory of Mwenga being the most affected by 36.33% cases, followed by Shabunda (20.68%), Uvira (11.15%), Idjwi (11.15%), Kalehe (8.09%), Kabare(4.49%), Walungu(3.77%), Fizi(3.23%), and the town of Bukavu (0.71%).
In the year 2011,the Uvira territory reported 427 cases of animal african trypanosomiasis (AATs) in which 328 bovine, 58 caprine and 41 ovine.
Most of spaces of Glossina are commoly located in the East region of the DRC. We can notice: G. palpalis, G. morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. martinii, G. brevipalpis, G. fuscipes, G. vanhoofi and G. tabaniformis.
This study reinforces the need to take the potential role of Trypanosomiasis and their vectors into consideration in strategies to control health in South- Kivu region.

Isolated massive vulval edema in pregnancy is rare. The causative mechanisms remains poorly understood but it is probably related to mechanical, osmotic and hormonal factors. The differential diagnosis of vulval edema includes infections, tumors, lymph birth defects, trauma, inflammatory and metabolic diseases. The authors report a case of a 27 year-old primigravida woman with twin pregnancy who was admitted to the obstetrical emergency at 37 weeks of gestation for a severe anemic syndrom associated to a massive vulval edema with no sign of pre-eclampsia. Biological examination showed a severe microcytic hypochromic anemia associated to a hypoproteinemia. Other causes of vulval edema were excluded. After blood transfusion, the patient gave birth by Caesarean section. In the post partum period, the vulval edema resolved progressively. By the fourteenth day post cesarean section, the vulval edema had completely regressed. Three weeks later, a spontaneous regression of the vulval edema was observed. The aim of this report this case is to discuss the clinical aspects, differential diagnosis, causes and evolution of vulval edema in pregnancy.

Cutaneous adverse reactions induced by drugs are common. They occur in 1 to 3% of drugs users.
The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of cutaneous adverse drug reactions, describe the clinical aspects of these reactions and determine the scores of imputability relating the possible drug-effect relationship in Morocco.
This is a prospective study of cutaneous adverse drug reactions occurring in patients in El Idrissi hospital in Kenitra during the period April 2012-April 2013. The analysis of cause-effect relationships between the drug and the occurrence of clinical and paraclinical effects is conducted by the French causality assessment method with 7 scores from 0 to 6.
Among 5137 hospital admissions, 45 patients developed 53 cutaneous adverse drug reactions, which was 1.02%. The average age of the patients was 35.39

The need for market assessment techniques and tools to analyse the product sales is increasing every day. Patents, along with gold standard therapies, play a critical role in the pharmaceutical industry in determining product sales. However, once genericized, the existence of multiple products for same molecule is a situation unique to the pharmaceutical industry.
With the growing need for new methods of evaluations for mature products (Products with generic competition), the Evolution Index which is used to determine the performance of the product needs to be redefined and customised. Extrinsic factors like market dynamics influence company profitability and hence there is need for a heuristic approach to evaluate its performance. Considering the effect of competition on product performance in relation to market factors provides an optimized indicator to design an effective strategy.
The newly constructed formula eliminates bias by incorporating molecule level growth and its influence on the overall portfolio of a company, especially for mature products.
The new evolution index "mEI" serves the realistic picture of current market scenario and enables the companies to take a better decision based on existing competition.

this work, we studied two types of compounds used in the protection of iron surface. The first type was performed on the organophosphate models, and the second based epoxy resins functional TGPO/HGAPPO. Thereafter we used the Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship Approach (QSPR) to connect The properties with descriptors to predict the polarization resistance to corrosion and inhibition of structures studied. To do this, we calculated the quantum chemical properties using the Gaussian 03 software hybrid B3LYP with 6-31 G (d) basis set with the aim of comparing the polarization resistance of two epoxy resins with those of phosphorus two organic phosphorus inhibitors. In addition, the electronic properties such as the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied orbital (LUMO) energy and the molecular density were studied. We found as results of this study that the organophosphorus epoxy resin is very effective than the organic compounds studied.

Acute intoxication and chronic ethanol is recognized by specific symptoms and needs to be confirmed by blood or plasma ethanol dosage. Although, the aim of our paper is to develop and validate a method in the order to determinate the amount of blood ethanol, using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (FID), after a Headspace sampling. We used butanol as an internal standard, our method is specific and linear at the range amount from 0,1g/L to 5 g/L. the coefficient of correlation was 0.9998. Using the quality control from standard solution we determined the coefficient of variation and recovery percent, compared to the theoretical amount (25%; 50% and 75% of the maximum amount). The coefficient of variation was within 4.046%; 9.682% and 3.553 % at concentration of 0.3; 2.5 and 4 g/L, respectively. The limit of detection was 0.063 g/L. In the same conditions, limit of quantification was 0.085 g/L. The storage's and transport's samples were at +4

The objective of this work is to study the thermosetting composites, the case of polyepoxides based on novolac hydroxide in presence of tri-sodium phosphate loads. Our work is to make three samples of a composite based on synthesized novolac polyepoxide by the polycondensation of a polycr

In this work we have synthesized a new bifunctional epoxy resin namely diglycidyl 3-aminopropyl triethylsilane (DGAPTES).
This resin was synthesized in two steps: the first one is condensing the epichlorohydrin with 3-aminopropyl triethylsilane; the second is introducing the calcium carbonate as a base to form the oxirane cycle.
The resin obtained was characterized by infrared Fourier transformation spectroscopy (FTIR), its chemical structure was also confirmed by the nuclear magnetic resonance of 1H and proton and carbon 13C (1H NMR and 13C NMR) on the one hand, and we have improved the thermal properties of the standard resin (DGEBA) by adding an amount of (DGAPTES) as an organic load in the standard matrix, on the other hand. This formulation has been studied by thermogravimetry as a macroscopic approach. The uptake of humidity of the standard DGAPTES and the crosslinked DGEBA/DGAPTES/MDA according to 80%/20%/traces was studied in order to improve the Fickien behavior.

Advanced oxidation, is the main of research in ozone fields for many years. Ozone generations and uses as an oxidant and also the use of heterogeneous reactor were improve the de development of catalytic ozonation axes. The object of our project is the application of catalytic ozonation for some refractor molecules. Oxalic acid was chosen as a model of refractor molecules. In fact, it is the final product of the degradation by ozone of many organic molecules in aqueous solution. Ozonation have a significant effect on the mineralization of water charged with oxalic acid. In our experiences, the dioxide of manganese and titan and the oxide of cobalt were used as homogenous catalysts. Experiences of ozonation have been done in ambient conditions in a gas-liquid reactor with a capacity of 2 liters. Studies of ozone concentration, type and mass of catalysts and oxalic acid concentration have been done. With 1mmol/l of oxalic acid solution and 43mg/l of ozone, we obtained 50% of maximal oxidation report after 20min. the addition of 1g of MnO2 to the solution in the reactor changed the same report to 85% after 5min. a comparison between MnO2, TiO2 and CoO was done and results prove that the oxide of cobalt is more efficient than the two other catalyst. However, with the same mass added to the reactor 500 mg for each catalyst, the rate of conversion obtained with MnO2 and CoO was nearly 95% and 90% with TiO2 but the kinetic of CoO is faster than the two other catalysts.

Within the growing body of literature on corporate entrepreneurship, there is a need to understand the relationship between human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. This paper outlines the linkage between human resource management practices with corporate entrepreneurship. In response, we propose a review of the literature that is based on a conceptual reading of corporate entrepreneurship, human resource management practices and the relationship between them.

The development of each nation is directly affected by climate change. The issue of greenhouse gas emissions has become a constraint that moves the majority of countries and associations to find effective solutions. The mastery of this constraint and consideration of stakes of CSR and sustainable development, become today a necessity. This has led to the emergence of new concepts such as carbon finance and alternative finance. We explored the perceptions that often widespread environmental protection is being done to the detriment of the economy. The literature shows that to lead to job losses, protection of the environment can be a source of net job creation resulting in a meta-model transition to a new economy.

Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNS) is considered one of the most cost effective methods of malaria control. However, having ITNs does not confirm protection from malaria unless there is proper usage and strong adherence. The study was conducted to assess the distribution and utilization of ITNs in relation to malaria infection. The study was a cross sectional and structured questionnaire was used to retrieve information from the heads of households on their socio-demographic characteristics and compliance with insecticide treated nets utilization. The study subject's malaria infection status was also determined, using thick blood films stained with Giemsa stains. A total of 300 households were assessed, out of which 226(75.3%) had at least one ITN of which 62% were obtained during immunization. Only 173(57.7%) of these ITNs were utilized. Ownership was highest among civil servants (75.0%) and lowest among unemployed households (40.0%). Possession was higher among family > 10 members (84.2%) and least among those comprising 1

Human activities on the Korle lagoon have had considerable effects on the water quality and the aquatic life therein. The rapid population growth and its attendant high waste generation, cost of disposal, depletion of landfill space and the difficulty of obtaining new disposal sites have been the major constrains thwarting the effective management of waste in Ghana. This paper examines the water quality of the Korle lagoon through a full physico-chemical analysis and buttressed with secondary data and field observations. The results show variously, the different levels of contamination of certain pollutants such as heavy metals and eutrophic elements. The high dominance of chloride over other elements indicates high domestic activity influences. PO4, NH3 and Na levels also exceeded their acceptable levels. However, levels of other metal investigated (Cu, Zn, Fe and Cd) were all below the maximum levels of the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana and the World Health Organization guidelines. For the sustainable management of the lagoon, the Accra Metropolitan Assembly in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency should evolve sanitation programmes particularly on proper waste management mechanisms as well as propagate these measures through environmental education and stringent regulatory measures.

With the aim of optimizing the formulation of the matrix of the conditioning of Resins exchanges of ions (MBD-15) considered as radioactive waste generated by the nuclear reactor TRIGA MARK II of CENM, on one hand we realized several essays by fixing the percentage of cement and by modifying the percentages of resins to be confined (0 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 %, 10 %, 12 %, and 14 %) and that some water. On the other hand, we realized another essay to illustrate the role of an aggregate such as the sand in the matrix of the cement. The moderate answer of all the realized essays is estimated by the compression resistance of the matrix after a time of 7 days, 14 days and 28 days of seclusion. The obtained results raise us that the maximum of the quantity of the REI, which we can incorporate into a formulation without the parcel loses its resistance is 12 %. The addition of an aggregate in the matrix of cement increases the compression resistance of this one.

As a consequence of breast imaging development and development of screening, benign epithelial breast diseases (BEBD) represent a growing percentage of breast pathology diagnoses. Some BEBD have to be individualized (radial scars, papillomas, complex sclerosing adenosis, lobular intraepithelial neoplasia, flat epithelial atypia, atypical hyperplasia), being preinvasive lesions or markers of increased breast cancer risk, or being associated with suspect radiological aspect. BEBD should be managed in a pluridisciplinar way and correctly diagnosed by percutaneous biopsies or surgical specimens. The goals of surgery vary according to lesions. It always allows a complete surgical specimen analysis and therefore a search for atypical or cancerous cells. Surgery can also have a preventive role by reducing the risk of potential malignant transformation. Finally, it enables in some cases the excision of a radiologically suspect mass. So the aim of this review is to give a clinical and morphological description of most common BEBD, underlying their cancer risk, specific diagnosis, therapeutic, follow-up and psychological repercussions.

Bahawalpur City was once the capital of ex. Bahawalpur State. The residential development in Bahawalpur rapidly geared up in the beginning of 20th century. The main objective of the current research was to explore the housing development in a brief historical perspective and examine the legal status of housing schemes with the bylaws set by authorities timely. Primary data had been collected through personal investigation and interviewing with Tehsil Municipal Administration (TMA) of Bahawalpur City's officials. Whereas, secondary data mainly based on Punjab Private Site Development Schemes (Regulation) Rules 2005 and Punjab Private Housing Schemes & Land Sub-Division Rules 2010. TMA city has followed these planning standards to cope up the rapid development of un-authorized housing schemes. Majority of the illegal housing colonies more or less deviate from these rules and bylaws i.e. about 31 colonies that have been built during 2000-2005 and covered 379 acres of precious arable land have opposed the land development rules 2005 in many respects. Similarly, in 2011 only one colony was meet the criteria of Punjab Private Housing Scheme & Land Sub-division Rules 2010. Thus, the construction of illegal housing schemes still carry on and creating numerous sorts of implications of food shortage and environmental deterioration.

In order to optimize the thermal stability of the polyepoxide matrix standard and industrial of the base, we developed composite and nanocomposite oxides with respect to the polymer's matrix, DGEBA and DGETBBA then DGETBBA and a very fine powder of Zn, following many formulations. The first formulation series are based on the mixture of the diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and diglycidylether Tetrabromo bisphenol A (DGETBBA), cross linked with methylene dianiline (MDA) as an enuring agent. In the second series, we have optimized the composition of a formulation based system DGETBBA / MDA and the inorganic filler in powder form based on zinc (Zn). The study of the thermal behavior of formulated materials was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under dynamic conditions. The results show that the thermal stability was confirmed by the increase of the degradation onset temperature (TD) of the studied systems over standard macromolecular matrices.

The fish availability and marketing system at three markets in Barisal were studied for a period of twelve months from August 2012 to July 2013. Data were collected through questionnaire interviews and focus group discussions. A total number of 64 fish species were recorded in the three markets during the study period. Among them highest amounts were ilish (39%) and lowest amounts were Thai koi (2%). About 85% of the fishes were brought from different rivers and ponds of the Barisal region and only 15% from Mymensingh, Jessor, Satkhira and from India (major carps). The marketing channel from fishermen/fish farmer to consumers passes through a number of intermediaries such as local paikers/aratdar/mahajan (local agent), wholesalers and retailers. The average gross profit of fish retailers in Port Road Bazar, Natun Bazar and Lakhutia Bazar were estimated as BDT 950/day, BDT 750/day and BDT 400/day (1 US$=78 BDT), respectively. Lack of storage facilities, poor supply of ice, exploitation by middlemen, lack of money and infrastructure were the common constraints of the fish marketing.

For antiinfectious fight, Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, constitute resources to valorize. Six germs belonging to Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae frequently encountered in hospital have been selected to assess antibacterial activity of Lavandula abrialis, Lavandula dentata L and Lavandula pedunculata Mill. Essential Oils (EO). EOs obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and their antibacterial activity was assessed through discs-diffusion tests. EOs analyses revealed monoterpenes-rich oils. Camphor (49.75%) and 1.8 cineole (39.84%) were found in L. dentata EO while camphor (46.36%) ,fenchone (13.19%) and ?-pinene(10.74%) were observed in L. pedunculata. Linalool (25%), camphor (16.06%), linalool acetate (13.66%) and borneol (11.94%) were the main components in L. abrialis. Biological tests proved EOs' antibacterial power against germs despite resistance to Beta-lactamin antibiotics. The highest inhibition was obtained with L. pedunculata EO.

Deforestation is a phenomenon that is a reality in C

In this work, we determined the tensors of screen as well as the chemicals shifts of the nuclear magnetic resonance of the carbon 13 (RMN 13C) of organic product: P1 :[(1S, 3R, 8R)-2,2- dichloro -3, 7, 7, 10-tetra- methyl-tricyclo [6, 4, 0, 01,3] dodec-9-ene], using methods: CSGT (Continuous Set of Gauge Transformations), IGAIM (a slight variation on the CSGT method) and GIAO (Gauge-Independent Atomic Orbital), using the method DFT by means of functional B3LYP / 6-311 (2d, p) for the geometrical optimization of this product. These methods are implanted in the software Gaussian09. The comparison of the theoretical results to the experimental results shows that the method GIAO is the most reliable. On the other hand we calculate the chemicals shifts of the carbon 13 (13C of the compound P2 :[(1S, 3R, 8R) -2, 2- dichloro-3, 7, 7, 10 -tetramethyl- tricycle [6, 4, 0, 01,3 ] dodec-9-

This article analyses the cognitive bases of semantic variations in theatrical qualities of dialogue in the translation of African drama texts. It offers a practical framework by examining some case studies which show how different notions of semantic variations operate in multilingual African contexts where French and English are in close contact. The distinction arising from these variations is considered to be capital in establishing the cognitive base of potential meaning in a multicultural setting. The paper stresses that community attitude towards switching and shifting are of interest to linguists in general and translators in particular as they enrich communicative pragmatics with cultural patterns alongside socio-cultural behavior. The implication of this systematic analysis and codification of the sign system are of great importance in understanding the language in which a drama text is written and to assess the degree at which language in drama is only one sign in the network of auditive and visual signs that unfold in time and space.

The survey of mosquito larvae in various resting places of 2011 - 2012 to Kabare, South-Kivu, Eastern of the R D Congo, interested the phase of the aquatic development of these vectors of the paludism and to propose mechanisms of struggle.
At the human being, agents etiologiqueses are some parasitic protozoa (unicellular) belonging to four species of the Plasmodium kind: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. oval and P. malariae
During this survey we noted what is, for these two years:9092 larvas of mosquitos have fished summers, in sites of Bugorhe surveillance and Irhambi/Katanas to tours of the CRSN/Lwiro (Lwiro, Buloli, Kayandja, Bishibiru, Chegera, Nyakadaka, Milonge kamasiga and Maziba).
The specific abundance made state of 56% for A. gambiae, 27% for A. funestus, 14% for A.demeilloni, 3% for A. marshalli et 0,01 for A.coustani.

Measures of the Health-Related Quality of Life have multiple potential applications, such as monitoring the evolution of the health status of population, the performance evaluation of public health policies conducted, the identification of populations at risk or help in developing interventions. However, few studies of this type have been conducted in Morocco. This work aims to study the Health-Related Quality of Life according to level of education and marital status among the population of the city of Tetouan through a survey. The SF-36 was administered to a sample selected by quotas containing 385 subjects over the age of 16 living in Tetouan city, northern Morocco.
The different dimensions of the SF-36 measured depend on the level of education and tend to increase with increasing level of study. The illiterate people have significantly low scores for the majority of dimensions. However, university people report a better Health-Related Quality of Life.
Marital status determines also the HRQOL of our population. Indeed single persons have higher scores for dimensions mainly related to physical health. As for the married persons, they have high scores for dimensions mainly related to mental health. However, divorced persons have lower scores than singles and married for all sizes, and widowed persons who have the lowest scores.